Bieniasz Paul D
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2003 Jun;11(6):286-91. doi: 10.1016/s0966-842x(03)00123-9.
Susceptibility to retroviral infection is determined, in part, by host genes with antiviral activity. The Fv1 gene, which inhibits murine leukemia virus infection in mice, encodes one such resistance factor, and was long thought to be unique in that it restricts post-entry, pre-integration steps of retroviral replication. However, recent findings suggest the existence of similar restriction factors in primates, including humans. These factors, termed Lv1 and Ref1, can inhibit a range of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and its relatives. Fv1, Lv1 and Ref1 target capsid determinants to block infection but can be saturated by incoming virions. Primate- and murine-retrovirus restriction factors have diverse and overlapping specificities, and some variants of Lv1, as well as Ref1, apparently recognize and inhibit infection by widely divergent retroviruses.
对逆转录病毒感染的易感性部分由具有抗病毒活性的宿主基因决定。Fv1基因可抑制小鼠中的鼠白血病病毒感染，它编码一种这样的抗性因子，长期以来人们一直认为它是独特的，因为它限制逆转录病毒复制的进入后、整合前步骤。然而，最近的研究结果表明灵长类动物（包括人类）中存在类似的限制因子。这些因子被称为Lv1和Ref1，可抑制一系列逆转录病毒，包括1型人类免疫缺陷病毒及其相关病毒。Fv1、Lv1和Ref1靶向衣壳决定簇以阻断感染，但可被进入的病毒粒子饱和。灵长类和鼠类逆转录病毒限制因子具有多样且重叠的特异性，并且Lv1以及Refl的一些变体显然能够识别并抑制广泛不同的逆转录病毒的感染。
