Piattelli Adriano, Degidi Marco, Paolantonio Michele, Mangano Carlo, Scarano Antonio
Dental School University of Chieti, Via F Sciucchi 63, Chieti 66100, Italy.
Biomaterials. 2003 Oct;24(22):4081-9. doi: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00300-4.
The cleanliness of titanium dental implants surfaces is considered to be an important requirement for achieving osseointegration, and it has been hypothesized that the presence of inorganic contaminants could lead to lack of clinical success. Aluminum ions are suspected to impair bone formation by a possible competitive action to calcium. The objective of the present study was to describe the effects of residual aluminum oxide particles on the implant surface on the integration of titanium dental implants as compared to decontaminated implants in a rabbit experimental model. Threaded screw-shaped machined grade 3 c.p. titanium dental implants, produced with high-precision equipment, were used in this study. The implants were sandblasted with 100-120 microm Al2O3 particles at a 5atm pressure for 1min, then 24 implants (control implants) underwent ASTM F 86-68 decontamination process in an ultrasonic bath. The other 24 implants (test implants) were washed in saline solution for 15min. Both test and control implants were air-dried and sterilized at 120 degrees C for 30min. After sterilization the implants were inserted into the tibiae (two test and two control implants in each rabbit). Twelve New Zealand white mature male rabbits were used in this study. The protocol of the study was approved by the Ethical Committee of our University. No complications or deaths occurred in the postoperative period. All animals were euthanized, with an overdose of intravenous pentobarbital, after 4 weeks. A total of 48 implants were retrieved. The images were analyzed for quantitation of percentage of surface covered by inorganic particles, bone-implant contact, multinucleated cells or osteoclasts in contact with the implant surface and multinucleated cells or osteoclasts found 3mm from the implant surface. The differences in the percentages between the two groups have been evaluated with the analysis of variance. The implant surface covered by inorganic particles on test implants was significantly higher than that of control implants (p=0.0000). No statistically significant differences were found in the bone-implant contact percentages of test and control implants (p=0.377). No statistically significant differences were found in the number of multinucleated cells and osteoclasts in contact with the implant surface (p=0.304), and at a distance of 3mm from the implant surface (p=0.362). In conclusion, our histological results do not provide evidence to support the hypothesis that residual aluminum oxide particles on the implant surface could affect the osseointegration of titanium dental implants.
钛牙种植体表面的清洁度被认为是实现骨结合的一项重要要求，并且据推测无机污染物的存在可能导致临床效果不佳。铝离子被怀疑通过与钙的竞争作用损害骨形成。本研究的目的是在兔实验模型中，描述与经过去污处理的种植体相比，种植体表面残留的氧化铝颗粒对钛牙种植体骨结合的影响。本研究使用了由高精度设备生产的螺纹螺旋形加工3级纯钛牙种植体。种植体在5个大气压下用100 - 120微米的Al2O3颗粒喷砂1分钟，然后24个种植体（对照种植体）在超声浴中进行ASTM F 86 - 68去污处理。另外24个种植体（测试种植体）在盐溶液中冲洗15分钟。测试和对照种植体均进行空气干燥，并在120℃下灭菌30分钟。灭菌后，将种植体植入胫骨（每只兔子植入两个测试种植体和两个对照种植体）。本研究使用了12只新西兰白色成年雄性兔子。本研究方案已获我校伦理委员会批准。术后期间未发生并发症或死亡。4周后，对所有动物过量静脉注射戊巴比妥钠实施安乐死。共取出48个种植体。对图像进行分析，以定量无机颗粒覆盖的表面百分比、骨 - 种植体接触、与种植体表面接触的多核细胞或破骨细胞以及在距种植体表面3毫米处发现的多核细胞或破骨细胞。两组之间百分比的差异采用方差分析进行评估。测试种植体上被无机颗粒覆盖的种植体表面明显高于对照种植体（p = 0.0000）。测试和对照种植体的骨 - 种植体接触百分比未发现统计学上的显著差异（p = 0.377）。与种植体表面接触的多核细胞和破骨细胞数量以及在距种植体表面3毫米处未发现统计学上的显著差异（p = 0.304）和（p = 0.362）。总之，我们的组织学结果没有提供证据支持种植体表面残留的氧化铝颗粒会影响钛牙种植体骨结合这一假设。
