Sheridan Peter P, Loveland-Curtze Jennifer, Miteva Vanya I, Brenchley Jean E
Department of Biological Sciences, PO Box 8007, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2003 Jul;53(Pt 4):985-994. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.02415-0.
A novel, psychrophilic, gram-positive bacterium (designated strain LV3T) from a lake near the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, has been isolated and characterized. This organism formed red-pigmented colonies, had an optimal growth temperature of 18 degrees C and grew on a variety of media between -2 and 21 degrees C. Scanning electron micrographs of strain LV3T that showed small rods with unusual bulbous protuberances during all phases of growth were of particular interest. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was approximately 62 mol%. The cell walls contained ornithine as the diamino acid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0 and anteiso-C17:0. Cells grown at -2 degrees C contained significant amounts of anteiso-C15:1. The major menaquinones found in strain LV3T were MK-11 and MK-12. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain LV3T was a member of the family Microbacteriaceae and related to, but distinct from, organisms belonging to the genera Agreia, Leifsonia and Subtercola. In addition, alignments of 16S rRNA sequences showed that the sequence of strain LV3T contained a 13 bp insertion that was found in only a few related sequences. Based on the low growth temperature, unusual cell shape, distinct 16S rRNA gene sequence and structure and cell-wall amino acid and menaquinone compositions, Rhodoglobus vestalii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain LV3T (= ATCC BAA-534T = CIP 107482T).
从南极洲麦克默多冰架附近的一个湖泊中分离并鉴定出一种新型嗜冷革兰氏阳性细菌（命名为LV3T菌株）。该微生物形成红色色素菌落，最适生长温度为18℃，能在-2℃至21℃的多种培养基上生长。LV3T菌株的扫描电子显微镜图像显示，在生长的各个阶段都有带有异常球状突起的小杆菌，这一点特别引人关注。基因组DNA的G + C含量约为62摩尔%。细胞壁含有鸟氨酸作为二氨基酸。主要脂肪酸为anteiso-C15:0、iso-C16:0和anteiso-C17:0。在-2℃下生长的细胞含有大量的anteiso-C15:1。LV3T菌株中发现的主要甲基萘醌是MK-11和MK-12。16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，LV3T菌株是微杆菌科的成员，与属于阿格雷亚属、利夫索尼亚属和地下杆菌属的生物相关，但又有所不同。此外，16S rRNA序列比对显示，LV3T菌株的序列含有一个13 bp的插入片段，仅在少数相关序列中发现。基于低生长温度、异常的细胞形状、独特的16S rRNA基因序列和结构以及细胞壁氨基酸和甲基萘醌组成，提出了新属球红菌属（Rhodoglobus）、新种维斯塔尔球红菌（Rhodoglobus vestalii），模式菌株为LV3T（= ATCC BAA-534T = CIP 107482T）。
