Ihlebaek Cecilie, Løve Tonja, Eilertsen Dag Erik, Magnussen Svein
University of Oslo, Norway.
Memory. 2003 May;11(3):319-27. doi: 10.1080/09658210244000018.
Memory for a staged robbery was tested in two groups of participants witnessing the event either live (n = 62) or on video (n = 64). Immediately after the event participants filled out a questionnaire probing memory with emphasis on the timing of the event and robber characteristics. The results showed that participants who watched a video recording of the event reported more details and with a higher accuracy than participants who were present on the scene, but the pattern of memory errors were similar in the two conditions. It is concluded that laboratory experiments may overestimate the memory of eyewitnesses but are otherwise able to simulate essential aspects of memory performance in naturalistic contexts.
在两组参与者中测试了对一场 staged 抢劫的记忆，一组参与者现场目睹该事件（n = 62），另一组通过视频观看（n = 64）。事件发生后，参与者立即填写一份调查问卷，重点询问对事件时间和抢劫者特征的记忆。结果显示，观看事件视频记录的参与者比现场目睹的参与者报告了更多细节且准确性更高，但两种情况下记忆错误的模式相似。得出的结论是，实验室实验可能高估了目击者的记忆，但在其他方面能够模拟自然情境中记忆表现的基本方面。
