Yee Joyce, Wortman Ivo A, Nofchissey Robert A, Goade Diane, Bennett Stephen G, Webb James P, Irwin William, Hjelle Brian
Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2003 Apr;39(2):271-7. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-39.2.271.
Sin Nombre hantavirus (SNV) is the primary etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the United States and Canada. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is a zoonotic disease. The most common reservoir is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), although numerous other species of wild rodent can carry the viruses that cause HCPS throughout the Americas. Infected rodents show no signs of clinical disease but they develop persistent infection. Sin Nombre virus can be contracted by exposure to feces, urine, or saliva of its rodent reservoirs. Detection of infection in rodents is most often based upon detection of specific antibodies; many laboratories use enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which require a specialized electrical ELISA reader. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay readers are not readily amenable to field usage. We describe a portable test, the strip immunoblot assay (SIA), which we have utilized in field diagnosis. The test can be conducted in approximately 6 hr during the day or can be conducted overnight. The test can be used to detect rodents positive for SNV antibody while they are in traps. We show that results with the SIA have excellent concordance with western blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests.
辛诺柏病毒（SNV）是美国和加拿大汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）的主要病原体。汉坦病毒心肺综合征是一种人畜共患病。最常见的宿主是鹿鼠（白足鼠），不过在美洲，许多其他种类的野生啮齿动物也能携带导致HCPS的病毒。受感染的啮齿动物没有临床疾病迹象，但会形成持续感染。接触其啮齿动物宿主的粪便、尿液或唾液可感染辛诺柏病毒。检测啮齿动物中的感染情况通常基于检测特异性抗体；许多实验室使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），这需要专门的ELISA电子读数仪。酶联免疫吸附测定读数仪不太适合现场使用。我们描述了一种便携式检测方法——条带免疫印迹法（SIA），我们已将其用于现场诊断。该检测可在白天约6小时内完成，也可在夜间进行。该检测可用于检测处于捕鼠器中的SNV抗体呈阳性的啮齿动物。我们表明，SIA的检测结果与蛋白质印迹法和逆转录聚合酶链反应检测结果具有高度一致性。
