Weber-Fox Christine, Spencer Rebecca, Cuadrado Elizabeth, Smith Anne
Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907-1353, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2003 Sep;43(2):128-45. doi: 10.1002/dev.10128.
Development of neural processes underlying integration of phonological and orthographic information were assessed by measuring event-related brain potentials (ERPs), judgment accuracies and reaction times (RTs) in 20 children (9-10 years) and 20 adults performing visual rhyme judgments. Half the trials were phonologically and orthographically congruent across the prime-target pairs (e.g., thrown-own, cake-own), and half were incongruent (e.g., gown-own, cone-own). For both children and adults, behavioral performance was most affected when different phonological representations had to be encoded from similar orthographic representations (e.g., gown-own), and the amplitudes of the N350 reflected effects of both rhyme and phonological/orthographic congruency. Latencies of the N350 were shorter over the left hemisphere only in adults, and phonological/orthographic incongruence produced greater delays in children's processing. Therefore, it appears that neural systems mediating rhyming judgments develop early; however, adults exhibit increased efficiency for left-hemisphere processing and are less affected by interference from incongruent phonological and orthographic codes.
通过测量20名儿童（9 - 10岁）和20名成年人在进行视觉押韵判断时的事件相关脑电位（ERP）、判断准确性和反应时间（RT），评估了语音和正字法信息整合背后神经过程的发展。一半的试验中，启动刺激-目标刺激对在语音和正字法上是一致的（例如，thrown - own，cake - own），另一半则不一致（例如，gown - own，cone - own）。对于儿童和成年人来说，当必须从相似的正字法表征中编码不同的语音表征时（例如，gown - own），行为表现受到的影响最大，并且N350的波幅反映了押韵以及语音/正字法一致性的影响。仅在成年人中，N350在左半球的潜伏期较短，并且语音/正字法不一致在儿童的加工过程中产生了更大的延迟。因此，似乎介导押韵判断的神经系统很早就发育了；然而，成年人在左半球加工方面表现出更高的效率，并且受不一致的语音和正字法编码干扰的影响较小。
