Shin Heungsoo, Jo Seongbong, Mikos Antonios G
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA.
Biomaterials. 2003 Nov;24(24):4353-64. doi: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00339-9.
The development of biomaterials for tissue engineering applications has recently focused on the design of biomimetic materials that are capable of eliciting specific cellular responses and directing new tissue formation mediated by biomolecular recognition, which can be manipulated by altering design parameters of the material. Biomolecular recognition of materials by cells has been achieved by surface and bulk modification of biomaterials via chemical or physical methods with bioactive molecules such as a native long chain of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as well as short peptide sequences derived from intact ECM proteins that can incur specific interactions with cell receptors. The biomimetic materials potentially mimic many roles of ECM in tissues. For example, biomimetic scaffolds can provide biological cues for cell-matrix interactions to promote tissue growth, and the incorporation of peptide sequences into materials can also make the material degradable by specific protease enzymes. This review discusses the surface and bulk modification of biomaterials with cell recognition molecules to design biomimetic materials for tissue engineering. The criteria to design biomimetic materials such as the concentration and spatial distribution of modified bioactive molecules are addressed. Recent advances for the development of biomimetic materials in bone, nerve, and cardiovascular tissue engineering are also summarized.
用于组织工程应用的生物材料的发展，近来聚焦于仿生材料的设计，这类材料能够引发特定的细胞反应，并通过生物分子识别来引导新组织形成，而这可以通过改变材料的设计参数来操控。细胞对材料的生物分子识别，是通过用生物活性分子（如天然的细胞外基质（ECM）蛋白长链以及源自完整ECM蛋白的短肽序列，这些短肽序列能与细胞受体发生特定相互作用）对生物材料进行表面和本体修饰来实现的。仿生材料可能模拟了ECM在组织中的许多作用。例如，仿生支架可为细胞-基质相互作用提供生物学线索以促进组织生长，并且将肽序列掺入材料还可使材料能被特定的蛋白酶降解。本文综述了用细胞识别分子对生物材料进行表面和本体修饰，以设计用于组织工程的仿生材料。文中讨论了设计仿生材料的标准，如修饰的生物活性分子的浓度和空间分布。还总结了仿生材料在骨、神经和心血管组织工程发展方面的最新进展。
