Khandekar R, Al Lawatii J, Mohammed A J, Al Raisi A
Eye and Ear Health Care, DSDC, DGHA, Ministry of Health, Oman.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2003 Sep;87(9):1061-4. doi: 10.1136/bjo.87.9.1061.
The magnitude of diabetic retinopathy, its determinants, and coverage of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy among registered people with diabetes in Oman are presented. 2249 randomly selected subjects representing 5564 registered diabetics were examined. WHO recommended definitions of diabetes, retinopathy, and other related conditions were used. Physicians reported the profile of the diabetes while ophthalmologists reported ocular profile and the eye care provided to them. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 14.39% (95% CI 13.46 to 15.31). Men had significantly higher rate of retinopathy than women. The retinopathy rate was higher in age groups 50-59 years and 60-69 years. The rates of background retinopathy, proliferative retinopathy, and diabetic maculopathy were 8.65%, 2.66%, and 5.12%, respectively. The rate was higher among subjects with longer duration of diabetes than those with a shorter duration. Those with an HbA(1c) level more than 9% had significantly higher rates of diabetic retinopathy than those with an HbA(1c) level less than 9%. The retinopathy rate was higher in cases with hypertension, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Of those with diabetic retinopathy who were advised to have treatment at the time of registration, only 20% were treated with laser therapy.
本文介绍了阿曼登记在册的糖尿病患者中糖尿病视网膜病变的严重程度、其决定因素以及糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗的覆盖情况。对代表5564名登记糖尿病患者的2249名随机选择的受试者进行了检查。采用了世界卫生组织推荐的糖尿病、视网膜病变及其他相关病症的定义。内科医生报告糖尿病患者的情况，而眼科医生报告眼部情况以及为他们提供的眼部护理。糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率为14.39%（95%可信区间为13.46至15.31）。男性的视网膜病变发生率显著高于女性。视网膜病变发生率在50 - 59岁和60 - 69岁年龄组中较高。背景性视网膜病变、增殖性视网膜病变和糖尿病性黄斑病变的发生率分别为8.65%、2.66%和5.12%。糖尿病病程较长的受试者的发生率高于病程较短者。糖化血红蛋白（HbA₁c）水平高于9%的患者的糖尿病视网膜病变发生率显著高于HbA₁c水平低于9%的患者。高血压、肾病和神经病变患者的视网膜病变发生率较高。在登记时被建议接受治疗的糖尿病视网膜病变患者中，只有20%接受了激光治疗。
