Oh Suk-Heung, Soh Ju-Ryoun, Cha Youn-Soo
Department of Biotechnology, Woosuk University, Jeonju 565-701, Korea.
J Med Food. 2003 Summer;6(2):115-21. doi: 10.1089/109662003322233512.
Chronic ethanol abuse can cause liver damage and unfavorable lipid profiles in humans and rodents. Phytonutrients have the potential to partially reverse some of the adverse effects of alcoholism. In this study, a germinated brown rice grown under conditions that favor high concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was evaluated for protective effects against the toxic consequences of chronic ethanol use. Serum and hepatic lipid concentrations and enzymes indicative of liver damage were determined in mice chronically administered ethanol. Balb/c mice were fed with either AIN-76 diet (control), control diet plus ethanol, or control diet plus ethanol and supplemental brown rice extract for 30 days. The extract naturally contained 841 nmol GABA per milliliter and was prepared from germinated brown rice. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), liver aspartate aminotransferase, and liver alanine aminotransferase levels were increased in mice administered ethanol, but not in mice given ethanol and brown rice extract. The brown rice extract significantly increased serum and liver high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. Furthermore, administration of the extract prevented ethanol-induced increases in liver triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations. These findings raise the possibility that brown rice extracts containing a high level of GABA may have a nutraceutical role in the recovery from and prevention of chronic alcohol-related diseases.
长期酗酒会对人类和啮齿动物造成肝脏损伤并导致不良的血脂状况。植物营养素有可能部分逆转酗酒造成的一些不良影响。在本研究中，对在有利于高浓度γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）生成的条件下种植的发芽糙米进行了评估，以确定其对长期饮酒毒性后果的保护作用。测定了长期给予乙醇的小鼠的血清和肝脏脂质浓度以及指示肝脏损伤的酶。将Balb/c小鼠分为三组，分别喂食AIN-76饮食（对照组）、对照饮食加乙醇、对照饮食加乙醇和补充糙米提取物，持续30天。该提取物每毫升天然含有841纳摩尔GABA，由发芽糙米制备而成。给予乙醇的小鼠血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶和肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶水平升高，但给予乙醇和糙米提取物组的小鼠未出现这种情况。糙米提取物显著提高了血清和肝脏高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）浓度。此外，给予该提取物可防止乙醇诱导的肝脏甘油三酯和总胆固醇浓度升高。这些发现提示，含有高水平GABA的糙米提取物可能在慢性酒精相关疾病的恢复和预防中具有营养保健作用。
