Leitzmann Claus
Institute of Nutrition, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):657S-659S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.657S.
Nutrition ecology is an interdisciplinary scientific discipline that encompasses the entire nutrition system, with special consideration of the effects of nutrition on health, the environment, society, and the economy. Nutrition ecology involves all components of the food chain, including production, harvesting, preservation, storage, transport, processing, packaging, trade, distribution, preparation, composition, and consumption of food, as well as disposal of waste materials. Nutrition ecology has numerous origins, some of which go back to antiquity. The introduction of industrialized agriculture and mass animal production gave rise to various negative influences on the environment and health. Food quality is determined in part by the quality of the environment. The environment, in turn, is influenced by food consumption habits. Research shows that vegetarian diets are well suited to protect the environment, to reduce pollution, and to minimize global climate changes. To maximize the ecologic and health benefits of vegetarian diets, food should be regionally produced, seasonally consumed, and organically grown. Vegetarian diets built on these conditions are scientifically based, socially acceptable, economically feasible, culturally desired, sufficiently practicable, and quite sustainable.
营养生态学是一门跨学科的科学学科，它涵盖了整个营养系统，并特别考虑营养对健康、环境、社会和经济的影响。营养生态学涉及食物链的所有组成部分，包括食物的生产、收获、保存、储存、运输、加工、包装、贸易、分销、制备、成分和消费，以及废料的处理。营养生态学有众多起源，其中一些可以追溯到古代。工业化农业和大规模动物生产的引入对环境和健康产生了各种负面影响。食物质量部分取决于环境质量。反过来，环境又受到食物消费习惯的影响。研究表明，素食饮食非常适合保护环境、减少污染和最大限度地减少全球气候变化。为了最大限度地发挥素食饮食的生态和健康效益，食物应该在当地生产、季节性消费和有机种植。基于这些条件的素食饮食是科学的、社会可接受的、经济可行的、文化上受欢迎的、足够实用的且相当可持续的。
