Koester Michael C.
Good Shepherd Medical Center, Hermiston, OR.
J Athl Train. 2001 Jun;36(2):197-204.
To provide the reader with an overview of the many causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes and to present various strategies for preparticipation cardiovascular screening. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search using the phrase sudden cardiac death and the key word athlete for the years 1980 to 2000. DATA SYNTHESIS: Sudden cardiac death is a rare event in athletics. More than 20 different causes have been described, but most cases result from a few distinct entities. Most afflicted athletes have no symptoms before death. Many attempts have been made to detect those at risk for sudden cardiac death before athletic participation. At this time, a thorough history and physical examination are the most efficient screening methods for detecting cardiovascular abnormalities. Studies show that the current status of preparticipation cardiovascular screening of high school and college athletes nationwide is poor. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The use of diagnostic tests to screen for cardiovascular abnormalities is ineffective and inefficient. The most prudent and effective methods of preparticipation screening for cardiovascular abnormalities at this time are a history and physical examination in accordance with the American Heart Association guidelines. Athletic trainers must ensure that their institutions comply with these minimum standards.
向读者概述年轻运动员心源性猝死的多种病因，并介绍参与运动前心血管筛查的各种策略。数据来源：使用“心源性猝死”短语和“运动员”关键词对1980年至2000年进行MEDLINE检索。数据综合：心源性猝死在体育运动中是罕见事件。已描述了20多种不同病因，但大多数病例由少数几种不同情况导致。大多数患病运动员在死亡前没有症状。人们已多次尝试在运动员参与运动前检测出有猝死风险的人。目前，全面的病史和体格检查是检测心血管异常最有效的筛查方法。研究表明，全国范围内高中和大学运动员参与运动前心血管筛查的现状不佳。结论与建议：使用诊断测试筛查心血管异常既无效又低效。目前，参与运动前筛查心血管异常最谨慎有效的方法是按照美国心脏协会指南进行病史和体格检查。运动训练师必须确保其所在机构遵守这些最低标准。
