Retting Richard A, Ferguson Susan A, McCartt Anne T
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1005 N. Glebe Road, Arlington, VA 22201, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2003 Sep;93(9):1456-63. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.9.1456.
We provide a brief critical review and assessment of engineering modifications to the built environment that can reduce the risk of pedestrian injuries. In our review, we used the Transportation Research Information Services database to conduct a search for studies on engineering countermeasures documented in the scientific literature. We classified countermeasures into 3 categories-speed control, separation of pedestrians from vehicles, and measures that increase the visibility and conspicuity of pedestrians. We determined the measures and settings with the greatest potential for crash prevention. Our review, which emphasized inclusion of studies with adequate methodological designs, showed that modification of the built environment can substantially reduce the risk of pedestrian-vehicle crashes.
我们对建筑环境的工程改造进行了简要的批判性回顾和评估，这些改造可以降低行人受伤的风险。在我们的回顾中，我们使用了交通研究信息服务数据库来搜索科学文献中记录的工程对策研究。我们将对策分为三类——速度控制、行人和车辆分离，以及提高行人可见性和醒目性的措施。我们确定了预防碰撞潜力最大的措施和设置。我们的回顾强调纳入具有适当方法设计的研究，结果表明建筑环境的改造可以大幅降低行人与车辆碰撞的风险。
