推广安全步行和骑行以改善公众健康：来自荷兰和德国的经验教训。
Promoting safe walking and cycling to improve public health: lessons from The Netherlands and Germany.
作者信息
Pucher John, Dijkstra Lewis
机构信息
Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, 33 Livingston Avenue, Room 363, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-1900, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2003 Sep;93(9):1509-16. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.9.1509.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We examined the public health consequences of unsafe and inconvenient walking and bicycling conditions in American cities to suggest improvements based on successful policies in The Netherlands and Germany.
METHODS
Secondary data from national travel and crash surveys were used to compute fatality trends from 1975 to 2001 and fatality and injury rates for pedestrians and cyclists in The Netherlands, Germany, and the United States in 2000.
RESULTS
American pedestrians and cyclists were much more likely to be killed or injured than were Dutch and German pedestrians and cyclists, both on a per-trip and on a per-kilometer basis.
CONCLUSIONS
A wide range of measures are available to improve the safety of walking and cycling in American cities, both to reduce fatalities and injuries and to encourage walking and cycling.
摘要
目标
我们研究了美国城市中不安全且不便的步行和骑行条件对公共健康的影响，以借鉴荷兰和德国的成功政策提出改进建议。
方法
利用全国出行和事故调查的二手数据来计算1975年至2001年的死亡趋势，以及2000年荷兰、德国和美国行人与骑行者的死亡率和受伤率。
结果
无论是按每次出行还是每公里计算，美国的行人与骑行者比荷兰和德国的行人与骑行者更有可能死亡或受伤。
结论
有一系列措施可用于提高美国城市步行和骑行的安全性，既能减少伤亡，又能鼓励步行和骑行。
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