Rønold H J, Lyngstadaas S P, Ellingsen J E
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Oral Function, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.
Biomaterials. 2003 Nov;24(25):4559-64. doi: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00256-4.
This study aims at studying the effect of surface roughness on bone attachment of coin-shaped titanium implants. All implants in this study were blasted with TiO(2) particles of 180-220 microm, and then divided into three groups. One group had no further surface treatment whereas the other two groups were subsequently etched with hot hydrochloric acid (0.01M or 1M). The surface topography of the implant specimens was examined by SEM and by a confocal laser scanner for a numeric evaluation of S(a), S(t) and S(dr). The ranging implants in the three groups differed significantly in surface structure. The implants with modified surfaces were then placed into the tibias of 12 rabbits (n=16). After 8 weeks healing, the attachment of bone to implants were examined using a standardised tensile test analysis. The implants that were only blasted (positive control) showed significantly better functional attachment (p<0.001) than the acid etched. Implant surfaces etched with 1M HCl solution had the lowest retention in bone. There was a negative correlation between the increasing roughness and mechanical retention in bone of the implants in this study. The results support observations from earlier studies that suggested an optimal surface roughness for bone attachment, identified by in situ tensile tests and expressed as the arithmetic mean deviation (S(a)), to be in the range between 3.62 and 3.90 microm and that a further attachment depended on mechanical interlocking between bone and implant.
本研究旨在探讨表面粗糙度对硬币形钛种植体骨附着的影响。本研究中的所有种植体均用180 - 220微米的TiO₂颗粒进行喷砂处理，然后分为三组。一组不再进行表面处理，而另外两组随后用热盐酸（0.01M或1M）蚀刻。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描仪检查种植体标本的表面形貌，以对S(a)、S(t)和S(dr)进行数值评估。三组中的种植体在表面结构上有显著差异。然后将表面改性的种植体植入12只兔子（n = 16）的胫骨中。愈合8周后，使用标准化拉伸试验分析检查骨与种植体的附着情况。仅经过喷砂处理的种植体（阳性对照）显示出比酸蚀刻种植体显著更好的功能附着（p < 0.001）。用1M HCl溶液蚀刻的种植体在骨中的保留率最低。在本研究中，种植体表面粗糙度的增加与骨中的机械固位之间存在负相关。这些结果支持了早期研究的观察结果，即通过原位拉伸试验确定并表示为算术平均偏差（S(a)）的骨附着最佳表面粗糙度在3.62至3.90微米之间，并且进一步的附着取决于骨与种植体之间的机械嵌合。
