Mayrink W, Magalhaes P A, Michalick M S, da Costa C A, Lima A de O, Melo M N, Toledo V P, Nascimento E, Dias M, Genaro O
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Parassitologia. 1992 Dec;34(1-3):159-65.
A prophylactic vaccine composed of killed promastigotes of five stocks of Leishmania was tested as an immunotherapeutic agent against American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). The agent was administered by deep intramuscular injection daily for 10 days, followed by a 10-day interval. Out of 62 patients so treated, 47 (76%) were considered clinically cured; 41 required 2-10 treatment courses and the other six 11-19 courses. None of the patients treated by immunotherapy displayed adverse side-effects. Immunotherapy proved to be effective in the treatment of single cutaneous lesions, multiple cutaneous lesions and in cases of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. In comparison with chemotherapy (Glucantime), immunotherapy is less efficient and more prolonged but can be safely used when antimonials are contra-indicated or are found to be ineffective. Consideration is given to the treatment of victims of ACL living in rural areas remote from a medical centre.
一种由五种利什曼原虫株的灭活前鞭毛体组成的预防性疫苗，作为治疗美洲皮肤利什曼病（ACL）的免疫治疗剂进行了测试。该制剂通过深部肌肉注射每日给药，持续10天，随后间隔10天。在接受治疗的62名患者中，47名（76%）被认为临床治愈；41名患者需要2至10个疗程的治疗，另外6名患者需要11至19个疗程。接受免疫治疗的患者均未出现不良反应。免疫治疗在治疗单发皮肤病变、多发皮肤病变以及黏膜皮肤利什曼病病例中被证明是有效的。与化疗（葡糖胺锑钠）相比，免疫治疗效率较低且疗程更长，但在锑剂禁忌或无效时可安全使用。还考虑了对居住在远离医疗中心的农村地区的ACL患者进行治疗。
