Kuna P, Reddigari S R, Rucinski D, Oppenheim J J, Kaplan A P
Department of Medicine, SUNY-Stony Brook 11794.
J Exp Med. 1992 Feb 1;175(2):489-93. doi: 10.1084/jem.175.2.489.
Recombinant monocyte chemotactic-activating factor (MCAF) has been shown to induce histamine release from human basophils with a dose response between 10(-9) and 10(-6) M. The peak of activity was reached at 10(-7) M. Histamine release by MCAF was rapid with an initial rate comparable with histamine release by an optimal dose of anti-IgE. MCAF led to peak histamine release within 1 min. 80% of the subjects tested were responsive to MCAF or anti-IgE, while all were responsive to FMLP. The percentage histamine release by MCAF was, however, less than that seen with anti-IgE or FMLP, but this was attributable to a lesser percent release in nonatopic subjects; atopic subjects responded similarly to all three agonists. MCAF was also shown to activate highly purified human basophils more readily than mixed leukocytes, and its activity was inhibited by a polyclonal rabbit antibody. At a suboptimal concentration (2.5 x 10(-9) M), MCAF was unable to prime the basophil to histamine release by other secretagogues. However, interleukin 3 (IL-3) and IL-5 could each prime basophils for MCAF-induced secretion. Therefore, our results suggest that MCAF may be a major contributor to the histamine-releasing activity seen in peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatants that has been designated histamine releasing factor(s).
重组单核细胞趋化激活因子（MCAF）已被证明可诱导人嗜碱性粒细胞释放组胺，剂量反应范围在10^(-9)至10^(-6) M之间。活性峰值出现在10^(-7) M时。MCAF诱导的组胺释放迅速，初始速率与最佳剂量的抗IgE诱导的组胺释放相当。MCAF在1分钟内导致组胺释放达到峰值。80%的受试对象对MCAF或抗IgE有反应，而所有人对FMLP均有反应。然而，MCAF诱导的组胺释放百分比低于抗IgE或FMLP诱导的，但这归因于非特应性受试者中释放百分比较低；特应性受试者对所有三种激动剂的反应相似。MCAF还被证明比混合白细胞更容易激活高度纯化的人嗜碱性粒细胞，其活性受到多克隆兔抗体的抑制。在次优浓度（2.5×10^(-9) M）下，MCAF无法使嗜碱性粒细胞对其他促分泌剂诱导的组胺释放产生预激作用。然而，白细胞介素3（IL-3）和IL-5均可使嗜碱性粒细胞对MCAF诱导的分泌产生预激作用。因此，我们的结果表明，MCAF可能是外周血单核细胞上清液中所见组胺释放活性（已被命名为组胺释放因子）的主要促成因素。
