Robinson J J
Department of Nursing Studies, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1992 May;17(5):632-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02842.x.
The terms 'paradigms' and 'paradigm shifts' entered everyday language following the publication in 1962 of Kuhn's book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Kuhn's original usage of these terms in relation to 'normal' science has since been inappropriately applied to other areas of formal knowledge. Their use in relation to nursing is conceptually flawed, and is an unnecessary distraction from the more modest, but nevertheless rigorous, approaches to the elucidation and generation of knowledge for practice which are required.
“范式”和“范式转变”这两个术语自1962年库恩的《科学革命的结构》一书出版后进入了日常语言。库恩最初将这些术语用于“常规”科学，此后却被不适当地应用于其他形式知识领域。它们在护理领域的使用在概念上存在缺陷，并且不必要地分散了人们对为实践阐明和生成知识所需的更适度但却严谨的方法的注意力。
