Chiavetta J, Nusbacher J, Tam F, Wall A, Steaffens J, Lee H
Blood Transfusion Service, Canadian Red Cross Society, Toronto Centre, Ont.
CMAJ. 1992 Nov 15;147(10):1493-8.
To estimate the prevalence of antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I/II (anti-HTLV-I/II) in people from an HTLV-I/II-endemic area (the Caribbean) living in a nonendemic region (Canada).
Cross-sectional household survey.
Households in Toronto in 1989.
A modified quota sampling method was used to recruit subjects of Caribbean origin as well as other Canadians. Of 2900 people invited to participate in the study 1323, 743 of Caribbean origin, were interviewed about their background and possible exposure to HTLV-I/II.
Blood samples were analysed for anti-HTLV-I/II by means of an enzyme-linked immunoassay, the result being confirmed by the Western blot technique and radioimmunoprecipitation assay. The samples were also analysed for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and for surrogate markers of non-A, non-B hepatitis.
A total of 853 blood samples (64.5%) were analysed, 483 (56.6%) from subjects of Caribbean origin. The proportion of subjects who agreed to give a blood sample was similar for the Caribbean and non-Caribbean strata. Eleven subjects, all of Caribbean origin (2.3% of the Caribbean stratum), were confirmed to be positive for anti-HTLV-I/II. There were no significant differences between the antibody-positive and antibody-negative subjects with respect to sex, age, racial origin or residence in the Caribbean for at least 22 years. All anti-HTLV-I/II-positive subjects were negative for anti-HIV and HBsAg, and four (36.4%) were positive for antibody to HBsAg and to hepatitis B core antigen.
Except for origin, an association between antibody positivity and other factors could not be demonstrated. The findings suggest that blood donor screening might include place of origin in addition to the usual lifestyle or behavioural factors. However, the need to ensure safety of transfusion must be balanced against the need for participation of all groups in the blood transfusion program.
评估居住在非流行地区（加拿大）的来自人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I/II型（HTLV-I/II）流行地区（加勒比地区）的人群中HTLV-I/II抗体的流行率。
横断面家庭调查。
1989年多伦多的家庭。
采用改良配额抽样方法招募加勒比裔受试者以及其他加拿大人。在受邀参与研究的2900人中，有1323人接受了访谈，其中743人是加勒比裔，询问了他们的背景以及可能接触HTLV-I/II的情况。
通过酶联免疫吸附测定法分析血样中的HTLV-I/II抗体，结果用蛋白质印迹技术和放射免疫沉淀测定法进行确认。还对样本进行了人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗-HIV）、乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）以及非甲非乙型肝炎替代标志物的分析。
共分析了853份血样（64.5%），其中483份（56.6%）来自加勒比裔受试者。加勒比裔和非加勒比裔同意提供血样的受试者比例相似。11名受试者被确认为HTLV-I/II抗体阳性，均为加勒比裔（占加勒比裔受试者的2.3%）。抗体阳性和抗体阴性受试者在性别、年龄、种族或在加勒比地区居住至少22年方面无显著差异。所有HTLV-I/II抗体阳性受试者的抗-HIV和HBsAg均为阴性，4人（36.4%）的乙型肝炎表面抗体和乙型肝炎核心抗体呈阳性。
除了来源外，未发现抗体阳性与其他因素之间存在关联。研究结果表明，除了常规的生活方式或行为因素外，献血者筛查可能还应包括来源地。然而，确保输血安全的需求必须与所有群体参与输血计划的需求相平衡。
