McMillen D L, Adams M S, Wells-Parker E, Pang M G, Anderson B J
Mississippi State University 39762.
Addict Behav. 1992 Sep-Oct;17(5):407-14. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(92)90001-c.
Using an interview and questionnaire format, 358 driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) first offenders and 141 DUI multiple offenders were compared on measures of personality traits, drinking behavior and problems, and driving behavior and history. In addition, official driving records for the two groups were compared. Results indicated that multiple offenders were significantly higher in hostility, sensation seeking, psychopathic deviance, mania, and depression than first offenders. Multiple offenders were significantly lower in emotional adjustment and assertiveness. Multiple offenders had significantly more nontraffic arrests, accidents, and traffic tickets than first offenders. They also consumed significantly more alcohol, evidenced more alcohol problems, and had higher BACs at the time of arrest than first offenders. Results are discussed in terms of general problem behavior and implications for intervention and treatment.
采用访谈和问卷调查形式，对358名初次酒后驾车（DUI）违法者和141名多次酒后驾车违法者在人格特质、饮酒行为与问题、驾驶行为与历史等方面进行了比较。此外，还比较了两组的官方驾驶记录。结果表明，多次违法者在敌意、寻求刺激、精神病态偏差、躁狂和抑郁方面显著高于初次违法者。多次违法者在情绪调节和自信方面显著较低。多次违法者的非交通逮捕、事故和交通罚单明显多于初次违法者。他们还饮用了明显更多的酒精，有更多的酒精问题，且被捕时的血液酒精浓度（BAC）高于初次违法者。从一般问题行为以及对干预和治疗的影响方面对结果进行了讨论。
