Cockcroft D W, Killian D N, Mellon J J, Hargreave F E
Thorax. 1977 Aug;32(4):429-37. doi: 10.1136/thx.32.4.429.
Controlled standardised histamine inhalation tests were carried out in 21 asthmatics to determine the degree of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity with and without prior treatment with several anti-asthmatic drugs. A significant protective effect was produced by inhaled salbutamol, 200 microgram, ingested salbutamol, 4 mg, inhaled Sch1000, 40 microgram inhaled atropine sulphate, 290 microgram, and ingested choline theophylinate (200 or 400 mg) producing serum theophylline levels over 10 mg/l. Inhaled salbutamol was consistently the most effective and was significantly better than the other drugs. The protective effect between the other four was not significantly different. Drug side-effects occurred only with the ingested drugs. No significant protection was detected after ingested choline theophyllinate producing serum theophylline levels of less than 10 mg/l, inhaled sodium cromoglycate, 20 mg given once or six-hourly for one week, or ingested ascorbic acid, 1 gram.
对21名哮喘患者进行了对照标准化组胺吸入试验，以确定在使用几种抗哮喘药物治疗前后非特异性支气管高反应性的程度。吸入200微克沙丁胺醇、口服4毫克沙丁胺醇、吸入40微克Sch1000、吸入290微克硫酸阿托品以及口服胆茶碱（200或400毫克，使血清茶碱水平超过10毫克/升）均产生了显著的保护作用。吸入沙丁胺醇始终是最有效的，且明显优于其他药物。其他四种药物之间的保护作用无显著差异。药物副作用仅出现在口服药物中。口服胆茶碱使血清茶碱水平低于10毫克/升、吸入20毫克色甘酸钠每日一次或每六小时一次共一周，或口服1克抗坏血酸后，均未检测到显著的保护作用。
