Memon Amina, Hope Lorraine, Bull Ray
Department of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Kings College, Old Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2UB, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2003 Aug;94(Pt 3):339-54. doi: 10.1348/000712603767876262.
The current study examined the relationship between the length of exposure to a face in an eyewitness setting and identification accuracy and confidence. A sample of 164 young (ages 17-25) and older (ages 59-81) adults viewed a simulated crime in which they saw the culprit's face for a short (12 s) or long (45 s) duration. They were then tested with a target absent (a line-up not containing the culprit) or target present line-up. Identification accuracy rates for both young and older participants were significantly higher under the long exposure condition. In the short exposure condition, witnesses who had made a correct identification of the target were more confident than incorrect witnesses. In the long exposure condition the confidence ratings of accurate and inaccurate witnesses did not differ. Discussion focuses on the extent to which extended exposure may inflate confidence judgments and variables that may moderate the relationship between exposure duration and face recognition accuracy.
当前的研究考察了在目击证人情境中观看面部的时长与识别准确性及信心之间的关系。164名年轻（17 - 25岁）和年长（59 - 81岁）成年人参与了一项模拟犯罪场景观看实验，他们观看罪犯面部的时长分为短（12秒）和长（45秒）两种情况。随后，他们接受了目标不在场（不包含罪犯的列队辨认）或目标在场的列队辨认测试。在长时间曝光条件下，年轻和年长参与者的识别准确率均显著更高。在短时间曝光条件下，正确识别目标的证人比错误识别的证人更有信心。在长时间曝光条件下，准确和不准确证人的信心评级没有差异。讨论聚焦于延长曝光可能在多大程度上夸大信心判断，以及可能调节曝光时长与面部识别准确性之间关系的变量。
