Thomas Robert P, Hellmich Mark R, Townsend Courtney M, Evers B Mark
Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA.
Endocr Rev. 2003 Oct;24(5):571-99. doi: 10.1210/er.2002-0028.
Gastrointestinal (GI) hormones are chemical messengers that regulate the physiological functions of the intestine and pancreas, including secretion, motility, absorption, and digestion. In addition to these well-defined physiological effects, GI hormones can stimulate proliferation of the nonneoplastic intestinal mucosa and pancreas. Furthermore, in an analogous fashion to breast and prostate cancer, certain GI cancers possess receptors for GI hormones; growth can be altered by administration of these hormones or by blocking their respective receptors. The GI hormones that affect proliferation, either stimulatory or inhibitory, include gastrin, cholecystokinin, gastrin-releasing peptide, neurotensin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-2, and somatostatin. The effects of these peptides on normal and neoplastic GI tissues will be described. Also, future perspectives and potential therapeutic implications will be discussed.
胃肠（GI）激素是调节肠道和胰腺生理功能的化学信使，这些生理功能包括分泌、运动、吸收和消化。除了这些明确的生理作用外，胃肠激素还可刺激非肿瘤性肠黏膜和胰腺的增殖。此外，与乳腺癌和前列腺癌类似，某些胃肠癌具有胃肠激素受体；给予这些激素或阻断其各自的受体可改变肿瘤生长。影响增殖的胃肠激素，无论是刺激性还是抑制性的，包括胃泌素、胆囊收缩素、胃泌素释放肽、神经降压素、肽YY、胰高血糖素样肽-2和生长抑素。将描述这些肽对正常和肿瘤性胃肠组织的作用。此外，还将讨论未来的前景和潜在的治疗意义。
