Angeloni A, Barbaro V, Bartolini P, Calcagnini G, Censi F
Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 2003 Sep;41(5):550-5. doi: 10.1007/BF02345317.
This paper describes a portable heart simulator for the study of electromagnetic interference with active implantable devices. The simulator consists of plexiglas box divided into three chambers simulating the left atrium and the ventricles, plus a lateral compartment for the implantable device. The box is linked to a laptop computer by an analogue-to-digital convertor board, and the three chambers are monitored and driven by dedicated hardware and software interfaces. Synthetic endocardial atrial and ventricle signals for 13 cardiac rhythms are stored in the computer. They are applied to the cardiac chambers by AgCl plates. Sensing electrodes are in the form of AgCl needles inserted in saline. The simulator was able to demonstrate the behaviour of three pacemakers tested in the absence and presence of electromagnetic interference, generated by mobile phones (European GSM 900 and 1800 MHz) that emitted up to 2W (1 W at 1800 MHz). Pacemakers can be programmed with sensitivity from 0.1 mV to 5 mV, pulse width from 0.1 ms to 1.5 ms and pulse amplitude from 0.5 V to 5 V. The structural separation in three cardiac chambers (plus the one for the device) allowed a fast analysis procedure for dual- and tri-chamber implantable devices.
本文介绍了一种用于研究有源植入式设备电磁干扰的便携式心脏模拟器。该模拟器由一个有机玻璃箱组成，该箱分为三个腔室，分别模拟左心房和心室，外加一个用于植入式设备的侧腔。该箱通过模数转换板与笔记本电脑相连，三个腔室由专用的硬件和软件接口进行监测和驱动。计算机中存储了13种心律的合成心内膜心房和心室信号。这些信号通过氯化银板施加到心脏腔室。传感电极采用插入盐水中的氯化银针形式。该模拟器能够展示在有无电磁干扰情况下测试的三种起搏器的行为，电磁干扰由发射功率高达2W（1800MHz时为1W）的手机（欧洲GSM 900和1800MHz）产生。起搏器的灵敏度可设置为0.1mV至5mV，脉冲宽度为0.1ms至1.5ms，脉冲幅度为0.5V至5V。三个心脏腔室（加上用于设备的腔室）的结构分离允许对双腔和三腔植入式设备进行快速分析。
