Lee Eun M, Malson Jennifer L, Waters Andrew J, Moolchan Eric T, Pickworth Wallace B
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore MD 21224, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Oct;5(5):673-9. doi: 10.1080/1462220031000158645.
Data from two studies were analyzed to determine whether smoking through the mouthpiece of a topography unit yields consistent measures over time and to verify that smoking through a mouthpiece results in a similar degree of smoke exposure as conventional smoking. In both studies, subjects smoked their usual brand of cigarette ad libitum. In study A, subjects (n=7) smoked through a mouthpiece on 4 separate experimental days. In study B, subjects (n=10) smoked on 2 separate days: Once conventionally and once through a mouthpiece. In both studies, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and physiological effects (heart rate and blood pressure) were measured before and after smoking. In study B, plasma nicotine concentrations also were measured. In study A, puff volume, puff duration, interpuff interval, and maximum puff velocity averaged 30.8 ml,.9 s, 19.9 s, and 44.6 ml/s, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients computed for puff volume (0.66), puff duration (0.75), and maximum puff velocity (0.68) indicated that these measures showed good reliability. In study B, smoking through the mouthpiece yielded similar topographical (time to smoke and number of puffs per cigarette) measures as conventional smoking. Also similar were changes in biochemical values: Plasma nicotine (18.5 ng/ml vs. 25.5 ng/ml), exhaled CO (4.6 ppm vs. 5.1 ppm), and heart rate (8.6 beats/min vs. 7.4 beats/min) for conventional and topography mouthpiece smoking conditions, respectively. Topography measures did not differ significantly between the two studies. Overall, the data from these two small-sample studies suggest that smoking topography provides a valid and reliable index of conventional smoking and an indirect measure of smoke exposure.
对两项研究的数据进行了分析，以确定通过地形学装置的烟嘴吸烟是否能随时间产生一致的测量结果，并验证通过烟嘴吸烟是否会导致与传统吸烟相似程度的烟雾暴露。在两项研究中，受试者随意吸食他们常用品牌的香烟。在研究A中，7名受试者在4个不同的实验日通过烟嘴吸烟。在研究B中，10名受试者在2个不同的日子吸烟：一次是传统方式，一次是通过烟嘴。在两项研究中，都在吸烟前后测量了呼出一氧化碳（CO）和生理效应（心率和血压）。在研究B中，还测量了血浆尼古丁浓度。在研究A中，吸量、吸程、吸间间隔和最大吸速的平均值分别为30.8毫升、0.9秒、19.9秒和44.6毫升/秒。针对吸量（0.66）、吸程（0.75）和最大吸速（0.68）计算的组内相关系数表明，这些测量结果显示出良好的可靠性。在研究B中，通过烟嘴吸烟产生的地形学测量结果（吸烟时间和每支香烟的吸数）与传统吸烟相似。生化值的变化也相似：传统吸烟和地形学烟嘴吸烟条件下的血浆尼古丁（分别为18.5纳克/毫升和25.5纳克/毫升）、呼出CO（分别为4.6 ppm和5.1 ppm）和心率（分别为8.6次/分钟和7.4次/分钟）。两项研究之间的地形学测量结果没有显著差异。总体而言，这两项小样本研究的数据表明，吸烟地形学提供了传统吸烟的有效且可靠指标以及烟雾暴露的间接测量方法。
