基于烟嘴的地形测量装置对电子烟使用者在定向使用和随意使用条件下的血浆尼古丁浓度、心率及主观效应的影响。
The Influence of a Mouthpiece-Based Topography Measurement Device on Electronic Cigarette User's Plasma Nicotine Concentration, Heart Rate, and Subjective Effects Under Directed and Ad Libitum Use Conditions.
作者信息
Spindle Tory R, Hiler Marzena M, Breland Alison B, Karaoghlanian Nareg V, Shihadeh Alan L, Eissenberg Thomas
机构信息
Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
出版信息
Nicotine Tob Res. 2017 Apr 1;19(4):469-476. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw174.
INTRODUCTION
Electronic cigarettes e-cigarettes aerosolize a liquid solution often containing nicotine. e-cigarette nicotine delivery may be influenced by user puffing behaviors ("puff topography"). E-cigarette puff topography can be recorded using mouthpiece-based computerized systems. The present study sought to examine the extent to which these systems influence e-cigarette nicotine delivery and other e-cigarette associated acute effects under ad libitum use conditions.
METHODS
Plasma nicotine concentration, heart rate, and subjective effects were assessed in 29 experienced e-cigarette users using their preferred e-cigarette battery and liquid (≥12mg/mL nicotine) in two sessions differing only by the presence of a mouthpiece-based device. In both sessions, participants completed a directed e-cigarette use bout (10 puffs, 30-s interpuff interval) and a 90-min ad libitum bout. Puff topography was recorded in the session with the topography mouthpiece.
RESULTS
Plasma nicotine, heart rate, and subjective effects, aside from "Did the e-cigarette Taste Good?" were independent of topography measurement (higher mean taste ratings were observed in the no topography condition). Mean (SEM) plasma nicotine concentration following the ad libitum bout was 34.3ng/mL (4.9) in the no topography condition and 35.7ng/mL (4.3) in the topography condition. Longer puff durations, longer interpuff intervals, and larger puff volumes were observed in the ad libitum relative to the directed bout.
CONCLUSIONS
E-cigarette use significantly increased plasma nicotine concentration and heart rate while suppressing abstinence symptoms. These effects did not differ when a topography mouthpiece was present. Future studies using ad libitum e-cigarette use bouts would facilitate understanding of e-cigarette toxicant yield.
IMPLICATIONS
No prior study has examined whether mouthpiece-based topography recording devices influence e-cigarette associated nicotine delivery, heart rate, or subjective effects under ad libitum conditions or assessed ad libitum puff topography in experienced individuals using their preferred e-cigarette battery and liquid with a mouthpiece-based computerized device. E-cigarette use significantly increased plasma nicotine concentration and heart rate while suppressing abstinence symptoms. These effects did not differ when a topography mouthpiece was present. Ad libitum puff topography differed from puff topography recorded during directed puffing. These findings suggest that future studies using ad libitum use bouts would facilitate better understanding of e-cigarette toxicant yield.
引言
电子烟将通常含有尼古丁的液体溶液雾化。电子烟的尼古丁输送可能会受到使用者抽吸行为（“抽吸特征”）的影响。电子烟的抽吸特征可以使用基于烟嘴的计算机系统进行记录。本研究旨在探讨在随意使用条件下，这些系统对电子烟尼古丁输送及其他与电子烟相关的急性效应的影响程度。
方法
对29名有经验的电子烟使用者进行评估，在两个仅因是否存在基于烟嘴的装置而不同的时段中，让他们使用自己喜欢的电子烟电池和烟液（尼古丁含量≥12mg/mL）。在两个时段中，参与者都完成了一次有指导的电子烟使用回合（10次抽吸，每次抽吸间隔30秒）和一次90分钟的随意使用回合。在使用带有抽吸特征记录烟嘴的时段中记录抽吸特征。
结果
除了“电子烟味道好吗？”之外，血浆尼古丁、心率和主观效应均与抽吸特征测量无关（在无抽吸特征条件下观察到更高的平均味道评分）。在无抽吸特征条件下，随意使用回合后的平均（标准误）血浆尼古丁浓度为34.3ng/mL（4.9），在有抽吸特征条件下为35.7ng/mL（4.3）。与有指导的回合相比，随意使用回合中观察到更长的抽吸持续时间、更长的抽吸间隔和更大的抽吸量。
结论
使用电子烟会显著提高血浆尼古丁浓度和心率，同时抑制戒断症状。当存在抽吸特征烟嘴时，这些效应没有差异。未来使用随意使用电子烟回合的研究将有助于了解电子烟的毒物产量。
启示
此前没有研究考察过基于烟嘴的抽吸特征记录装置在随意使用条件下是否会影响与电子烟相关的尼古丁输送、心率或主观效应，也没有使用基于烟嘴的计算机化装置对有经验的个体使用其喜欢的电子烟电池和烟液时的随意抽吸特征进行评估。使用电子烟会显著提高血浆尼古丁浓度和心率，同时抑制戒断症状。当存在抽吸特征烟嘴时，这些效应没有差异。随意抽吸特征与有指导抽吸时记录的抽吸特征不同。这些发现表明，未来使用随意使用回合的研究将有助于更好地了解电子烟的毒物产量。
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