Andrews Judy A, Tildesley Elizabeth, Hops Hyman, Duncan Susan C, Severson Herbert H
Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2003 Dec;32(4):556-67. doi: 10.1207/S15374424JCCP3204_8.
This study describes the lifetime prevalence and future intentions related to trying cigarettes, chewing tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and inhalants of students in the 1st through 7th grade. This article also describes the identification of these substances by children in the 1st through 3rd grade. Participants were 1,075 1st through 5th graders within a school district in western Oregon who were followed for 3 years. Across most substances, prevalence and intentions increased with grade, with a moderate increase between 3rd and 4th grade and a larger increase between 5th and 6th grade. Boys were more likely than girls to identify alcohol and cigarettes and were more likely than girls to report trying chewing tobacco. In addition, 3rd-grade boys were more likely to identify marijuana and, in the early grades, alcohol. Boys were also more likely than girls to intend to use tobacco and drink alcohol when older. For alcohol and cigarettes, intention was related to subsequent trying of the substance, suggesting that intention may be an early warning sign of subsequent substance use.
本研究描述了1至7年级学生尝试吸烟、嚼烟草、饮酒、吸食大麻和吸入剂的终生患病率及未来意向。本文还描述了1至3年级儿童对这些物质的识别情况。研究对象是俄勒冈州西部一个学区内的1075名1至5年级学生，对他们进行了为期3年的跟踪调查。在大多数物质方面，患病率和意向随年级增长而上升，在3年级和4年级之间有适度增长，在5年级和6年级之间增长幅度更大。男孩比女孩更有可能识别出酒精和香烟，并且比女孩更有可能报告尝试嚼烟草。此外，3年级男孩更有可能识别出大麻，在低年级时，也更有可能识别出酒精。男孩比女孩在长大后也更有可能打算使用烟草和饮酒。对于酒精和香烟，意向与随后尝试这些物质有关，这表明意向可能是随后物质使用的早期预警信号。
