Wright Jim, Gundry Stephen, Conroy Ronan
Water and Environmental Management Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Jan;9(1):106-17. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01160.x.
To assess the extent and causes of microbiological contamination of household drinking water between source and point-of-use in developing countries.
A systematic meta-analysis of 57 studies measuring bacteria counts for source water and stored water in the home to assess how contamination varied between settings.
The bacteriological quality of drinking water significantly declines after collection in many settings. The extent of contamination after water collection varies considerably between settings, but is proportionately greater where faecal and total coliform counts in source water are low.
Policies that aim to improve water quality through source improvements may be compromised by post-collection contamination. Safer household water storage and treatment is recommended to prevent this, together with point-of-use water quality monitoring.
评估发展中国家家庭饮用水在水源地与使用点之间微生物污染的程度及原因。
对57项测量水源水和家庭储存水细菌数量的研究进行系统的荟萃分析，以评估不同环境下污染情况的差异。
在许多环境中，饮用水采集后的细菌学质量显著下降。采集后水污染的程度在不同环境中差异很大，但在水源水中粪便和总大肠菌群数量较低的地方，污染程度相对更大。
旨在通过改善水源来提高水质的政策可能会因采集后的污染而受到影响。建议采用更安全的家庭储水和处理方式，以及使用点水质监测来预防这种情况。
