Black David R., Larkin Laurie J.S., Coster Daniel C., Leverenz Larry J., Abood Doris A.
dagger Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
J Athl Train. 2003 Dec;38(4):286-297.
To develop and evaluate a physiologic screening test specifically designed for collegiate female athletes engaged in athletic competition or highly athletic performances in order to detect eating disorders/disordered eating. No such physiologically based test currently exists. METHODS: Subjects included 148 (84.5%) of 175 volunteer, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I (n = 92), club (n = 15), and dance team (n = 41) athletes 18 to 25 years old who attended a large, Midwestern university. Participants completed 4 tests: 2 normed for the general population (Eating Disorders Inventory-2 and Bulimia Test-Revised); a new physiologic test, developed and pilot tested by the investigators, called the Physiologic Screening Test; and the Eating Disorder Exam 12.0D, a structured, validated, diagnostic interview used for criterion validity. RESULTS: The 18-item Physiologic Screening Test produced the highest sensitivity (87%) and specificity (78%) and was superior to the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (sensitivity = 62%, specificity = 74%) and Bulimia Test-Revised (sensitivity = 27%, specificity = 99%). A substantial number (n = 51, 35%) of athletes were classified as eating disordered/disordered eating. CONCLUSIONS: The Physiologic Screening Test should be considered for screening athletes for eating disorders/disordered eating. The Physiologic Screening Test seems to be a viable alternative to existing tests because it is specifically designed for female athletes, it is brief (4 measurements and 14 items), and validity is enhanced and response bias is lessened because the purpose is less obvious, especially when included as part of a mandatory preparticipation examination.
开发并评估一种专门为参加体育比赛或进行高强度体育活动的大学女运动员设计的生理筛查测试，以检测饮食失调/饮食紊乱情况。目前尚无此类基于生理的测试。方法：研究对象包括175名18至25岁的志愿者，其中有148名（84.5%）运动员，她们分别来自美国国家大学体育协会第一分区（n = 92）、俱乐部（n = 15）和舞蹈队（n = 41），就读于一所位于美国中西部的大型大学。参与者完成了4项测试：2项针对普通人群的标准化测试（饮食失调量表-2和修订版贪食症测试）；一项由研究人员开发并进行了预测试的新生理测试，称为生理筛查测试；以及饮食失调检查12.0D，这是一种经过结构化验证的诊断性访谈，用于效标效度检验。结果：18项的生理筛查测试具有最高的敏感性（87%）和特异性（78%），优于饮食失调量表-2（敏感性 = 62%，特异性 = 74%）和修订版贪食症测试（敏感性 = 27%，特异性 = 99%）。相当数量（n = 51，35%）的运动员被归类为饮食失调/饮食紊乱。结论：应考虑使用生理筛查测试对运动员进行饮食失调/饮食紊乱的筛查。生理筛查测试似乎是现有测试的一个可行替代方案，因为它是专门为女运动员设计的，测试简短（4项测量和14个项目），并且由于目的不太明显，尤其是作为强制参赛前检查的一部分时，其效度得到提高且反应偏差减小。
