Moore Charleen M, Brown C Mackenzie
Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
Anat Rec B New Anat. 2004 Jan;276(1):8-14. doi: 10.1002/ar.b.20003.
Recent calls to reintegrate the sciences and humanities are challenged by the contemporary work of anatomist Gunther von Hagens and his Body Worlds exhibits of plastinated cadavers. The anatomical quest to understand our physical interior has long been in tension both with aesthetic ideals and religious sensitivities regarding the metaphysical significance of the human body. Part I of this two-part Historical Note examines tensions epitomized by Goethe's figures of the prosektor and proplastiker. The former, driven by scientific curiosity, is willing to destroy, even desecrate, the human form to obtain knowledge. The latter demurs at such mutilation of our physical body, wondrous even in death--seeking instead to rejoin what the prosektor has pulled apart, to restore human dignity. In the confrontation between prosektor and proplastiker, roles disturbingly fused in the person of von Hagens himself, questions arise regarding the authenticity of models as well as the appropriate recipients of such mediated yet intimate anatomical knowledge. Part II will focus on religious perspectives on the human body, variously interpreted as God's handiwork, habitation for the soul, and vehicle of resurrection. Consideration also is given to the role of anatomist as priest, prophet, and Promethean creator, roles self-consciously embraced by von Hagens.
近期关于将科学与人文重新整合的呼声，受到了解剖学家贡特尔·冯·哈根斯及其“人体世界”塑化尸体展览的当代作品的挑战。长期以来，理解我们身体内部结构的解剖学探索，一直与关于人体形而上学意义的美学理想和宗教敏感性存在冲突。这篇分两部分的历史笔记的第一部分，审视了以歌德笔下的解剖员和预塑师形象为代表的冲突。前者受科学好奇心驱使，愿意破坏甚至亵渎人体形态以获取知识。后者则对这种对我们身体的 mutilation 表示异议，即使在死亡中人体也是奇妙的——相反，他们试图重新连接解剖员拆开的部分，恢复人的尊严。在解剖员与预塑师的对峙中，角色在冯·哈根斯本人身上令人不安地融合在一起，关于模型的真实性以及这种经过媒介传递但又亲密的解剖学知识的合适接受者，出现了一些问题。第二部分将聚焦于关于人体的宗教观点，人体被不同地解释为上帝的杰作、灵魂的居所和复活的载体。还会考虑解剖学家作为牧师、先知和普罗米修斯式创造者的角色，这些角色是冯·哈根斯自觉接受的。 （注：mutilation 原词未翻译，可根据上下文理解为“损毁”之类意思，这里不确定具体准确含义所以保留原文）
