Wilkie Richard M, Wann John P
School of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
J Vis. 2003 Nov 18;3(11):677-84. doi: 10.1167/3.11.3.
Eye-movements have long been considered a problem when trying to understand the visual control of locomotion. They transform the retinal image from a simple expanding pattern of moving texture elements (pure optic flow), into a complex combination of translation and rotation components (retinal flow). In this article we investigate whether there are measurable advantages to having an active free gaze, over a static gaze or tracking gaze, when steering along a winding path. We also examine patterns of free gaze behavior to determine preferred gaze strategies during active locomotion. Participants were asked to steer along a computer-simulated textured roadway with free gaze, fixed gaze, or gaze tracking the center of the roadway. Deviation of position from the center of the road was recorded along with their point of gaze. It was found that visually tracking the middle of the road produced smaller steering errors than for fixed gaze. Participants performed best at the steering task when allowed to sample naturally from the road ahead with free gaze. There was some variation in the gaze strategies used, but sampling was predominantly of areas proximal to the center of the road. These results diverge from traditional models of flow analysis.
长期以来，在试图理解运动的视觉控制时，眼动一直被视为一个问题。它们将视网膜图像从一个由移动纹理元素组成的简单扩展模式（纯光流），转变为平移和旋转分量的复杂组合（视网膜流）。在本文中，我们研究了在沿着蜿蜒路径转向时，主动自由注视相对于静态注视或跟踪注视是否具有可测量的优势。我们还研究了自由注视行为的模式，以确定主动运动过程中偏好的注视策略。参与者被要求沿着计算机模拟的有纹理的道路行驶，分别采用自由注视、固定注视或注视跟踪道路中心的方式。记录他们偏离道路中心的位置以及注视点。结果发现，视觉跟踪道路中间比固定注视产生的转向误差更小。当允许参与者用自由注视自然地从前方道路采样时，他们在转向任务中表现最佳。所使用的注视策略存在一些差异，但采样主要集中在靠近道路中心的区域。这些结果与传统的流分析模型不同。
