Kandil Farid I, Rotter Alexander, Lappe Markus
Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
J Vis. 2010 Apr 29;10(4):24.1-11. doi: 10.1167/10.4.24.
On winding roads, car drivers have to control speed and steering angle in order to keep the car in an optimal lane position. Among the strategies proposed for steering regulation are the use of the tangent point, a geometrical method, and gaze sampling, in which retinal flow lines obtained by tracking a spot on the future road need to be assessed. Previous studies used a variety of scenarios (real-road vs. simulator) and different road designs (closed vs. open bends, different curvatures) and found results speaking in favor of either strategy. Here, we investigate what effects the openness of the bend, i.e. the sight distance of the driver, has on the percentage with which drivers use the tangent point. Six drivers drove a test car repeatedly through a series of twelve bends on real roads while their eye-movements were recorded. Results show that the reliance on the tangent point is generally high and increases with the closedness (shorter sight distances) of the bend and higher curvature. In open bends they alternatively look far into the straight road segments adjacent to the bend, but do not use gaze sampling.
在蜿蜒的道路上，汽车驾驶员必须控制车速和转向角度，以使汽车保持在最佳车道位置。在提出的转向调节策略中，有使用切点（一种几何方法）和注视采样，其中需要评估通过跟踪未来道路上的一个点获得的视网膜流线。先前的研究使用了各种场景（真实道路与模拟器）和不同的道路设计（闭合弯道与开放弯道、不同曲率），并发现结果支持这两种策略中的任何一种。在这里，我们研究弯道的开放性，即驾驶员的视距，对驾驶员使用切点的百分比有什么影响。六名驾驶员驾驶一辆测试车在真实道路上反复通过一系列十二个弯道，同时记录他们的眼动。结果表明，对切点的依赖通常很高，并且随着弯道的闭合程度（较短视距）和较高曲率而增加。在开放弯道中，他们会看向弯道相邻的直线路段远处，但不使用注视采样。
