Land M F, Lee D N
Sussex Centre for Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Nature. 1994 Jun 30;369(6483):742-4. doi: 10.1038/369742a0.
Steering a car requires visual information from the changing pattern of the road ahead. There are many theories about what features a driver might use, and recent attempts to engineer self-steering vehicles have sharpened interest in the mechanisms involved. However, there is little direct information linking steering performance to the driver's direction of gaze. We have made simultaneous recordings of steering-wheel angle and drivers' gaze direction during a series of drives along a tortuous road. We found that drivers rely particularly on the 'tangent point' on the inside of each curve, seeking this point 1-2 s before each bend and returning to it throughout the bend. The direction of this point relative to the car's heading predicts the curvature of the road ahead, and we examine the way this information is used.
驾驶汽车需要前方道路变化模式提供的视觉信息。关于驾驶员可能使用哪些特征有很多理论，最近对自动转向车辆的工程尝试激发了人们对其中涉及机制的兴趣。然而，几乎没有直接信息将转向性能与驾驶员的注视方向联系起来。我们在沿着一条曲折道路进行的一系列驾驶过程中，同时记录了方向盘角度和驾驶员的注视方向。我们发现，驾驶员特别依赖每个弯道内侧的“切点”，在每个弯道前1至2秒寻找该点，并在整个弯道过程中都回到该点。该点相对于汽车行驶方向的方向预示着前方道路的曲率，我们研究了这种信息的使用方式。
