Johnson K R, Layng T V
Morningside Academy, Seattle, WA 98122.
Am Psychol. 1992 Nov;47(11):1475-90. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.47.11.1475.
Behavior analysis is an example of a selection science, and behavioral programs that follow the tenets of selectionism, long advocated by B. F. Skinner, can have a large impact on social problems. This article describes the characteristics of selection sciences and their application in the Morningside Model of Generative Instruction, which addresses both adult literacy and children's learning and attention problems. School curricula are analyzed for their key component elements and underlying tool skills. Teaching procedures then establish and build these key components to fluency. New and complex repertoires then emerge with little or no instruction, producing curriculum leaps that allow students to make rapid academic advancement. Children typically gain more than two grade levels per school year, and adults advance two grades per month.
行为分析是一种选择科学的范例，遵循由B.F.斯金纳长期倡导的选择主义原则的行为计划，可能会对社会问题产生重大影响。本文描述了选择科学的特征及其在生成性教学的莫宁赛德模型中的应用，该模型解决成人识字以及儿童学习和注意力问题。对学校课程的关键组成要素和基础工具技能进行了分析。然后，教学程序将这些关键组成部分建立并培养至熟练程度。接着，新的和复杂的技能组合在很少或没有指导的情况下出现，产生课程飞跃，使学生能够在学业上迅速进步。儿童通常每个学年提升两个以上年级水平，而成人每月提升两个年级水平。
