Milivojević Liljana, Strkalj Ivezić Sladjana
Institute for Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
Croat Med J. 2004 Feb;45(1):18-24.
We discuss Klein's, Winnicott's, and Mahler's object relational theories relevant for creating and maintaining the mature love relationship. The concept of love refers to the basic human relationship. The capacity for adult love involves the attainment of the relation towards the object as whole, satisfying the emotional needs of the self, including simultaneous tolerance of the specific needs of the object. It also involves the optimum resolution of anxiety related to schizo-paranoid and depressive positions and phases of separation and individuation. Primitive defense mechanisms, such as splitting, are replaced by more mature defense mechanisms, and primitive idealization is replaced by more mature idealization. The fusion with the object is reversible and helps in creating the experience of closeness with the partner, while the possibility of separation provides the possibility of recognizing and respecting the differences. Obstacles in the development of object relationships from pre-object to object phase, from symbiotic to separation and individuation phase can impair the capacity to love.
我们讨论了克莱因、温尼科特和玛勒的客体关系理论，这些理论与建立和维持成熟的恋爱关系相关。爱的概念指的是基本的人际关系。成人爱的能力涉及到对客体形成整体关系，满足自我的情感需求，包括同时容忍客体的特定需求。它还涉及到与精神分裂 - 偏执和抑郁状态以及分离与个体化阶段相关的焦虑的最佳解决。诸如分裂等原始防御机制被更成熟的防御机制所取代，原始理想化被更成熟的理想化所取代。与客体的融合是可逆的，有助于创造与伴侣亲密的体验，而分离的可能性则提供了认识和尊重差异的可能性。从前客体到客体阶段，从共生到分离与个体化阶段的客体关系发展中的障碍会损害爱的能力。
