Ekström Anette, Widström Ann-Marie, Nissen Eva
Department of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Box 408, 541 28 Skövde, Sweden.
Birth. 2003 Dec;30(4):261-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-536x.2003.00256.x.
Support from the mother's network of relatives, friends, and professional caregivers during childbirth is likely to be important for breastfeeding success. Few studies have been conducted to examine mothers' perceptions of breastfeeding support. The objective of this study was to describe breastfeeding support and feelings of confidence of primiparas and multiparas in relation to duration of breastfeeding.
Mothers who delivered vaginally were eligible for inclusion. After receiving a questionnaire when their children were 9 to 12 months of age, 194 primiparas and 294 multiparas responded to questions on breastfeeding history and on perceived and overall breastfeeding support and feelings of confidence.
Feelings of overall breastfeeding support were correlated with duration of exclusive breastfeeding in both primiparas (p < 0.001) and multiparas (p < 0.001). Multiparas who knew how long they were breastfed as a child showed a longer duration of exclusive (p = 0.006) and total (p = 0.007) breastfeeding than multiparas who did not know. The time during which the partner was present after labor was correlated with the duration of exclusive (p < 0.001) and total breastfeeding (p = 0.002) in primiparas. Feelings of confidence when the baby was 6 to 12 months old, as retrospectively rated on a visual analog scale, was correlated with feelings of confidence in the partner during childbirth in both primiparas (p < 0.001) and multiparas (p < 0.001) and the experience of overall breastfeeding support (primiparas, p = 0.002; multiparas, p < 0.001). Both groups were more content with breastfeeding information they received from midwives in the maternity wards, compared with that from antenatal midwives and postnatal nurses (p < 0.001).
A helpful support strategy for mothers with respect to breastfeeding outcome is for health professionals to discuss the grandmother's perception of breastfeeding with the mother. It is important for perinatal caregivers to provide an environment that enables the family to stay together after delivery. A helpful support strategy for health professionals might be to mobilize grandmothers with positive breastfeeding perception to provide support for their daughters' breastfeeding.
分娩期间母亲的亲属、朋友和专业护理人员网络的支持可能对母乳喂养的成功至关重要。很少有研究探讨母亲对母乳喂养支持的看法。本研究的目的是描述初产妇和经产妇在母乳喂养持续时间方面的母乳喂养支持和信心感受。
经阴道分娩的母亲符合纳入条件。当她们的孩子9至12个月大时，194名初产妇和294名经产妇收到一份问卷，回答关于母乳喂养史、感知到的和总体的母乳喂养支持以及信心感受的问题。
初产妇（p < 0.001）和经产妇（p < 0.001）的总体母乳喂养支持感受均与纯母乳喂养持续时间相关。知道自己小时候母乳喂养时长的经产妇比不知道的经产妇纯母乳喂养（p = 0.006）和全母乳喂养（p = 0.007）的持续时间更长。初产妇产后伴侣在场的时间与纯母乳喂养（p < 0.001）和全母乳喂养（p = 0.002）的持续时间相关。通过视觉模拟量表回顾性评定，婴儿6至12个月大时的信心感受与初产妇（p < 0.001）和经产妇（p < 0.001）分娩时对伴侣的信心感受以及总体母乳喂养支持体验相关（初产妇，p = 0.002；经产妇，p < 0.001）。与从产前助产士和产后护士那里获得的母乳喂养信息相比，两组对在产科病房从助产士那里获得的母乳喂养信息都更满意（p < 0.001）。
对于母亲母乳喂养结局而言，一个有用的支持策略是健康专业人员与母亲讨论祖母对母乳喂养的看法。围产期护理人员营造分娩后让家人能待在一起的环境很重要。对健康专业人员来说，一个有用的支持策略可能是动员对母乳喂养有积极看法的祖母为其女儿的母乳喂养提供支持。
