Lajunen Timo, Räsänen Mikko
Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, ODTU 06531, Ankara, Turkey.
J Safety Res. 2004;35(1):115-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2003.09.020.
The bicycle helmet use rate is still low among teenagers despite the cumulating evidence that bicycle helmets can prevent cyclists from serious injuries and death. The objective of this study was to investigate the usefulness of the Health Belief Model (HBM; Health Education Monographs, 2 (1974) (1), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, I. (1988). Attitudes, personality and behavior. Open University Press, Milton Keynes) and Locus of Control model (LC; Psychological Monographs, (1966) (80) in understanding the intention to use bicycle helmet use among bicycle helmet owners.
Data were collected at two schools in Helsinki, Finland. Students (N=965) completed a questionnaire including three social psychological models applied to helmet use. Models were compared by structural equation modeling techniques.
Results showed that the TPB and LC model fitted the data well, whereas fit of the HBM model was lower than the fit of TPB and LC models. All components of TPB and external LC orientation were significantly related to the intention to use a helmet. TPB together with LC model provide a promising theoretical framework for helmet use promotion campaigns. Practical suggestions for future bicycle helmet campaigns were provided.
尽管越来越多的证据表明自行车头盔可防止骑车人受重伤和死亡，但青少年中自行车头盔的使用率仍然很低。本研究的目的是调查健康信念模型（HBM；《健康教育专论》，2（1974）（1））、计划行为理论（TPB；阿杰恩，I.（1988）。《态度、个性与行为》。开放大学出版社，米尔顿凯恩斯）和控制点模型（LC；《心理学专论》，（1966）（80））在理解自行车头盔使用者使用头盔意图方面的有用性。
在芬兰赫尔辛基的两所学校收集数据。学生（N = 965）完成了一份问卷，其中包括应用于头盔使用的三种社会心理模型。通过结构方程建模技术对模型进行比较。
结果表明，TPB和LC模型与数据拟合良好，而HBM模型的拟合度低于TPB和LC模型。TPB的所有组成部分和外部LC取向与使用头盔的意图显著相关。TPB与LC模型共同为头盔使用推广活动提供了一个有前景的理论框架。为未来的自行车头盔活动提供了实际建议。
