Johansson Gun, Lundberg Ingvar
Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Soc Sci Med. 2004 May;58(10):1857-68. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00407-6.
This study investigates whether the two dimensions of illness flexibility at work, adjustment latitude and attendance requirements are associated to sickness absence and sickness attendance. Adjustment latitude describes the opportunities people have to reduce or in other ways change their work-effort when ill. Such opportunities can be to choose among work tasks or work at a slower pace. Attendance requirements describe negative consequences of being away from work that can affect either the subject, work mates or a third party. In a cross-sectional design data based on self-reports from a questionnaire from 4924 inhabitants in the county of Stockholm were analysed. The results showed that low adjustment latitude, as predicted, increased women's sickness absence. However, it did not show any relation to men's sickness absence and men's and women's sickness attendance. Attendance requirements were strongly associated to both men's and women's sickness absence and sickness attendance in the predicted way. Those more often required to attend were less likely to be absent and more likely to attend work at illness. As this is the first study of how illness flexibility at work affects behaviour at illness, it was concluded that more studies are needed.
本研究调查了工作中疾病灵活性的两个维度，即调整自由度和出勤要求，是否与病假缺勤和病假出勤相关。调整自由度描述了人们在生病时减少或以其他方式改变工作强度的机会。这类机会可以是在工作任务中进行选择或以较慢的速度工作。出勤要求描述了缺勤对主体、同事或第三方可能产生的负面影响。在一项横断面设计中，对来自斯德哥尔摩县4924名居民的问卷调查的自我报告数据进行了分析。结果表明，正如预期的那样，低调整自由度增加了女性的病假缺勤率。然而，它与男性的病假缺勤率以及男性和女性的病假出勤均无关联。出勤要求与男性和女性的病假缺勤率及病假出勤均以预期的方式密切相关。那些更经常被要求出勤的人缺勤的可能性较小，生病时上班的可能性较大。由于这是关于工作中疾病灵活性如何影响生病时行为的第一项研究，因此得出结论，需要进行更多的研究。
