Tuomi Kaija, Vanhala Sinikka, Nykyri Erkki, Janhonen Minna
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helsinki, Finland.
Occup Med (Lond). 2004 Mar;54(2):115-21. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqh005.
Rapid technological change and increased international competition have changed working life and work organizations. These changes may not be considered when researching employee work ability and well-being.
This study investigates the impact of organizational practices, work demands and individual factors on work ability, organizational commitment and mental well-being of employees in the metal industry and retail trade.
A follow-up study was conducted to examine these connections among 1389 employees (mean age 42 years at baseline) in 91 organizations. The first survey was conducted in 1998 and was repeated in 2000.
Changes in organizational practices and the demands of work were strongly associated with changes in employee well-being. Work ability, organizational commitment and the mental well-being of employees were increased most if the opportunities for development and influence and the promotion of employee well-being were increased and if the supervisory support and organization of work were improved. Well-being also improved with less uncertainty at work and with decreasing mental and physical work demands. In addition physical exercise and affluence also had favourable effects.
The results confirm that several features of organizational practices are strongly associated with employees' well-being. Organizational development is an important method of improving employees' work ability, commitment and well-being.
快速的技术变革和日益激烈的国际竞争改变了工作生活和工作组织形式。在研究员工的工作能力和幸福感时，可能并未考虑到这些变化。
本研究调查组织实践、工作需求和个体因素对金属行业和零售业员工的工作能力、组织承诺和心理健康的影响。
对91个组织中的1389名员工（基线时平均年龄42岁）进行了一项跟踪研究，以检验这些联系。第一次调查于1998年进行，并于2000年重复进行。
组织实践的变化和工作需求与员工幸福感的变化密切相关。如果增加发展和影响力的机会、促进员工幸福感，并且改善监督支持和工作组织形式，员工的工作能力、组织承诺和心理健康提升最为显著。工作中的不确定性降低以及心理和体力工作需求减少，幸福感也会得到改善。此外，体育锻炼和富裕程度也有积极影响。
结果证实，组织实践的若干特征与员工幸福感密切相关。组织发展是提高员工工作能力、承诺和幸福感的重要方法。
