1970 - 1999年美国路易斯安那州工业走廊居民的死亡率模式。
Mortality patterns among residents in Louisiana's industrial corridor, USA, 1970-99.
作者信息
Tsai S P, Cardarelli K M, Wendt J K, Fraser A E
机构信息
Shell Oil Company, Shell Health Services-USA, One Shell Plaza, PO Box 2463, Houston, Texas 77252-2463, USA.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2004 Apr;61(4):295-304. doi: 10.1136/oem.2003.007831.
BACKGROUND
Because of the high concentration of oil refining and petrochemical facilities, the industrial area of the lower Mississippi River of South Louisiana has been termed the Industrial Corridor and has frequently been referred to as the "Cancer Corridor".
AIMS
To quantitatively assess the "Cancer Corridor" controversy based on mortality data available in the public domain, and to identify potential contributing factors to the observed differences in mortality.
METHODS
Age adjusted mortality rates were calculated for white and non-white males and females in the Industrial Corridor, Louisiana, and the United States for the time periods 1970-79, 1980-89, and 1990-99.
RESULTS
All-cause mortality and all cancer combined for white males in the Industrial Corridor were significantly lower than the corresponding Louisiana population while Louisiana had significantly higher rates than the US population for all three time periods. Cancer of the lung was consistently higher in the Industrial Corridor region relative to national rates but lower than or similar to Louisiana. Non-respiratory disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality for white males in the Industrial Corridor were consistently lower than either Louisiana or the USA. However, mortality due to diabetes and heart disease, particularly during the 1990s, was significantly higher in the Industrial Corridor and Louisiana when compared to the USA. Similar mortality patterns were observed for white females. The mortality for non-white males and females in the Industrial Corridor was generally similar to the corresponding populations in Louisiana. There were no consistent patterns for all cancer mortality combined. Stomach cancer was increased among non-whites in both the Industrial Corridor and Louisiana when compared to the corresponding US data. Mortality from diabetes and heart disease among non-whites was significantly higher in the Industrial Corridor and Louisiana than in the USA.
CONCLUSIONS
Mortality rates in the Industrial Corridor area were generally similar to or lower than the State of Louisiana, which were increased compared to the United States. Contrary to prior public perceptions, mortality due to cancer in the Industrial Corridor does not exceed that for the State of Louisiana.
背景
由于炼油和石化设施高度集中，路易斯安那州南部密西西比河下游的工业区被称为工业走廊，并且经常被称作“癌症走廊”。
目的
基于公开领域可得的死亡率数据，对“癌症走廊”争议进行定量评估，并确定导致观察到的死亡率差异的潜在因素。
方法
计算了1970 - 1979年、1980 - 1989年以及1990 - 1999年期间路易斯安那州工业走廊以及美国白人和非白人男性及女性的年龄调整死亡率。
结果
工业走廊白人男性的全因死亡率和所有癌症合并死亡率显著低于路易斯安那州相应人群，而在所有三个时间段内，路易斯安那州的死亡率均显著高于美国人群。工业走廊地区肺癌发病率相对于全国发病率一直较高，但低于或类似于路易斯安那州。工业走廊白人男性的非呼吸系统疾病和脑血管疾病死亡率一直低于路易斯安那州或美国。然而，与美国相比，工业走廊和路易斯安那州糖尿病和心脏病导致的死亡率，尤其是在20世纪90年代，显著更高。白人女性也观察到类似的死亡率模式。工业走廊非白人男性和女性的死亡率总体上与路易斯安那州相应人群相似。所有癌症合并死亡率没有一致的模式。与美国相应数据相比，工业走廊和路易斯安那州非白人胃癌发病率有所上升。工业走廊和路易斯安那州非白人糖尿病和心脏病死亡率显著高于美国。
结论
工业走廊地区的死亡率总体上与路易斯安那州相似或更低，而路易斯安那州的死亡率相对于美国有所上升。与之前公众的认知相反，工业走廊因癌症导致的死亡率并未超过路易斯安那州。
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