Jamner Margaret Schneider, Spruijt-Metz Donna, Bassin Stan, Cooper Dan M
School of Social Ecology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2004 Apr;34(4):279-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.06.003.
To evaluate the effect of a school-based intervention designed to increase physical activity among sedentary adolescent females.
Sedentary adolescent females were assigned to a control (n = 22) or intervention (n = 25) group based on school attended. Students at the intervention school enrolled in a special physical education class. All participants completed clinical and behavioral assessments at baseline and after 4 months. Physiological tests included cardiovascular fitness (VO(2) peak via bicycle ergometer), body composition (via dual x-ray absorptiometer; DEXA), and body mass index (BMI). Psychosocial assessments included a physical activity recall, report of lifestyle activity, and self-efficacy, perceived barriers, social support, and enjoyment related to physical activity. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) for continuous variables, and logistic regression for hard activity (scored as a dichotomous variable).
The intervention had a significant effect on cardiovascular fitness (p =.017), lifestyle activity (p =.005), and light (p =.023), moderate (p =.007), and hard (p =.006) activity. All changes were in a direction that favored the intervention. There was no effect of the intervention on psychosocial factors related to exercise.
A school-based intervention targeting sedentary adolescent females can increase physical activity and prevent a decline in cardiovascular fitness. Moreover, the effect of the intervention generalized to lifestyle activity.
评估一项旨在增加久坐不动的青春期女性身体活动量的校内干预措施的效果。
根据就读学校将久坐不动的青春期女性分为对照组（n = 22）或干预组（n = 25）。干预学校的学生参加一门特殊的体育课。所有参与者在基线和4个月后完成临床和行为评估。生理测试包括心血管适能（通过自行车测力计测定VO₂峰值）、身体成分（通过双能X线吸收仪；DEXA）和体重指数（BMI）。心理社会评估包括身体活动回忆、生活方式活动报告以及与身体活动相关的自我效能感、感知障碍、社会支持和愉悦感。对连续变量的数据使用重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）进行分析，对剧烈活动（作为二分变量评分）的数据使用逻辑回归进行分析。
干预对心血管适能（p = 0.017）、生活方式活动（p = 0.005）以及轻度（p = 0.023）、中度（p = 0.007）和剧烈（p = 0.006）活动有显著影响。所有变化都朝着有利于干预组的方向发展。干预对与运动相关的心理社会因素没有影响。
针对久坐不动的青春期女性的校内干预措施可以增加身体活动量并防止心血管适能下降。此外，干预效果还推广到了生活方式活动方面。
