Higgins P D R, Davis K J, Laine L
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Apr 1;19(7):729-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01903.x.
Ischaemic colitis has been associated with co-morbid conditions, medications, vascular surgery and advanced age in case reports and case series. Few data exist on the baseline incidence in the general population or on the increased risk imposed by these risk factors.
To systematically review the literature regarding the incidence, prevalence and risk factors for ischaemic colitis.
Searches of bibliographic databases were performed independently by two investigators. Studies were included if they used population-based samples, disease-specific population samples or case-control population-based samples of adults with ischaemic colitis, and reported the incidence, prevalence or risk factors for ischaemic colitis. Eligible articles were reviewed and data were abstracted in a duplicate, independent manner.
Four studies were identified that reported the general population incidence and four that reported the disease-specific population incidence. The incidence of ischaemic colitis in general populations ranged from 4.5 to 44 cases per 100 000 person-years. The risk was increased two- to four-fold by either prevalent irritable bowel syndrome or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The risk was also increased in females and in subjects of 65 years and older.
Ischaemic colitis is uncommon in the general population. The effect sizes of the most commonly reported risk factors have not been adequately quantified in population-based studies.
在病例报告和病例系列中，缺血性结肠炎与合并症、药物、血管手术及高龄有关。关于一般人群中的基线发病率或这些风险因素所带来的风险增加情况，现有数据很少。
系统回顾关于缺血性结肠炎的发病率、患病率及风险因素的文献。
两名研究者独立检索文献数据库。若研究使用基于人群的样本、特定疾病人群样本或缺血性结肠炎成年患者的基于病例对照的人群样本，并报告了缺血性结肠炎的发病率、患病率或风险因素，则纳入该研究。对符合条件的文章进行综述，并以重复、独立的方式提取数据。
确定了四项报告一般人群发病率的研究和四项报告特定疾病人群发病率的研究。一般人群中缺血性结肠炎的发病率为每10万人年4.5至44例。既往患有肠易激综合征或慢性阻塞性肺疾病会使风险增加2至4倍。女性以及65岁及以上人群的风险也会增加。
缺血性结肠炎在一般人群中并不常见。在基于人群的研究中，最常报告的风险因素的效应大小尚未得到充分量化。
