吸烟的遗传影响——一项对男性双胞胎的研究。

Genetic influence on smoking--a study of male twins.

作者信息

Carmelli D, Swan G E, Robinette D, Fabsitz R

机构信息

Health Sciences Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif. 94025.

出版信息

N Engl J Med. 1992 Sep 17;327(12):829-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199209173271201.

DOI:10.1056/NEJM199209173271201

PMID:1508241

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The results of twin and family studies suggest that heredity has a small influence on smoking behavior.

METHODS

We conducted a genetic analysis of several aspects of smoking behavior among subjects in the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Twin Registry. The registry includes male twins who were born in the United States between 1917 and 1927 and who were members of the armed services during World War II. Information on smoking history was available for 4775 pairs of twins, who were first surveyed in 1967 through 1969, when they were 40 to 50 years old, and then re-surveyed in 1983 through 1985, when they were 56 to 66. Eighty percent of the subjects in this cohort had smoked at some time in their lives, 60 percent were smokers in 1967 through 1969, and 39 percent were smoking in 1983 through 1985. Similarities between twins in smoking habits at base line and at the second follow-up 16 years later were examined. The comparison of concordance for smoking between monozygotic and dizygotic twins was used to assess the relative contribution of familial and genetic factors.

RESULTS

In 1967-1969 survey the ratio of observed to expected concordance for smoking was higher among the monozygotic twins than among the dizygotic twins for those who had never smoked (overall rate ratio, 1.38; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.25 to 1.54), for former smokers (overall rate ratio, 1.59; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.35 to 1.85), for current cigarette smokers (overall rate ratio, 1.18; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.11 to 1.26), and for current cigar or pipe smokers (overall rate ratio, 1.60; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.22 to 2.06). The data also suggest genetic influences on quitting smoking. Monozygotic twins were more likely than dizygotic twins to be concordant for quitting smoking (overall rate ratio, 1.24; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.45).

CONCLUSIONS

In this cohort of adult male twins, there were moderate genetic influences on lifetime smoking practices.

摘要

背景

双胞胎和家族研究结果表明，遗传因素对吸烟行为的影响较小。

方法

我们对美国国家科学院-国家研究委员会双胞胎登记处的受试者吸烟行为的多个方面进行了基因分析。该登记处包括1917年至1927年在美国出生且在第二次世界大战期间服役的男性双胞胎。有4775对双胞胎的吸烟史信息，他们于1967年至1969年首次接受调查，当时年龄在40至50岁之间，随后于1983年至1985年再次接受调查，当时年龄在56至66岁之间。该队列中80%的受试者一生中曾有过吸烟行为，1967年至1969年期间60%为吸烟者，1983年至1985年期间39%为吸烟者。我们研究了双胞胎在基线时以及16年后第二次随访时吸烟习惯的相似性。通过比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎吸烟的一致性来评估家族因素和遗传因素的相对作用。

结果

在1967 - 1969年的调查中，对于从未吸烟者（总体率比为1.38；95%置信区间为1.25至1.54）、既往吸烟者（总体率比为1.59；95%置信区间为1.35至1.85）、当前吸烟者（总体率比为1.18；95%置信区间为1.11至1.26）以及当前吸雪茄或烟斗者（总体率比为1.60；95%置信区间为1.22至2.06），同卵双胞胎吸烟的观察一致性与预期一致性之比高于异卵双胞胎。数据还表明遗传因素对戒烟有影响。同卵双胞胎比异卵双胞胎更有可能在戒烟方面保持一致（总体率比为1.24；95%置信区间为1.06至1.45）。