Siebert Daniel J
Ann Bot. 2004 Jun;93(6):763-71. doi: 10.1093/aob/mch089. Epub 2004 Apr 15.
Salvia divinorum produces several closely related neoclerodane diterpenes. The most abundant of these, salvinorin A, is responsible for the psychoactive properties of the plant. To determine where these compounds occur in the plant, various organs, tissues and glandular secretions were chemically analysed. A microscopic survey of the S. divinorum plant was performed to examine the various types of trichomes present and to determine their distribution.
Chemical analyses were performed using thin layer chromatographic and histochemical techniques. Trichomes were examined using conventional light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
It was found that neoclerodane diterpenes are secreted as components of a resin that accumulates in peltate glandular trichomes, specifically in the subcuticular space that exists between the trichome head cells and the cuticle that encloses them. Four main types of trichomes were observed: peltate glandular trichomes, short-stalked capitate glandular trichomes, long-stalked capitate glandular trichomes and non-glandular trichomes. Their morphology and distribution is described. Peltate glandular trichomes were only found on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves, stems, rachises, bracts, pedicles and calyces. This was consistent with chemical analyses, which showed the presence of neoclerodane diterpenes in these organs, but not in parts of the plant where peltate glandular trichomes are absent.
Salvinorin A and related compounds are secreted as components of a complex resin that accumulates in the subcuticular space of peltate glandular trichomes.
鼠尾草属植物产生多种密切相关的新克罗烷二萜。其中含量最高的二萜——鼠尾草酸，是该植物具有精神活性的原因。为确定这些化合物在植物中的分布位置，对其各个器官、组织和腺体分泌物进行了化学分析。对鼠尾草属植物进行了微观检查，以研究存在的各种类型的毛状体并确定其分布。
采用薄层色谱和组织化学技术进行化学分析。使用传统光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜检查毛状体。
发现新克罗烷二萜作为树脂成分分泌，该树脂积聚在盾状腺毛状体中，具体积聚在毛状体头部细胞与包围它们的角质层之间存在的皮下间隙中。观察到四种主要类型的毛状体：盾状腺毛状体、短柄头状腺毛状体、长柄头状腺毛状体和非腺毛状体。描述了它们的形态和分布。盾状腺毛状体仅在叶片、茎、叶轴、苞片、花梗和花萼的背面发现。这与化学分析结果一致，化学分析表明这些器官中存在新克罗烷二萜，而在没有盾状腺毛状体的植物部位中不存在。
鼠尾草酸及相关化合物作为一种复杂树脂的成分分泌，该树脂积聚在盾状腺毛状体的皮下间隙中。
