Puel C, Quintin A, Agalias A, Mathey J, Obled C, Mazur A, Davicco M J, Lebecque P, Skaltsounis A L, Coxam V
Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA Theix, 63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.
Br J Nutr. 2004 Jul;92(1):119-27. doi: 10.1079/BJN20041181.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of olive oil and its main polyphenol (oleuropein) in ovariectomised rats with or without inflammation. Rats (6 months old) were ovariectomised or sham-operated as control. Ovariectomised rats were separated into three groups receiving different diets for 3 months: a control diet with 25 g peanut oil and 25 g rapeseed oil/kg (OVX), the control diet with 50 g olive oil/kg or the control diet with 0.15 g oleuropein/kg. The sham-operated group was given the same control diet as OVX. Inflammation was induced 3 weeks before the end of the experiment by subcutaneous injections of talc (magnesium silicate) in one-half of each group. The success of ovariectomy was verified at necropsy by the atrophy of uterine horns. Inflammation, oleuropein or olive oil intakes did not have any uterotrophic activity, as they had had no effect on uterus weight. The plasma concentration of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (an indicator of inflammation) was increased in OVX rats with inflammation. With regard to bone variables, osteopenia in OVX was exacerbated by inflammation, as shown by a decrease in metaphyseal and total femoral mineral density. Both oleuropein and olive oil prevented this bone loss in OVX rats with inflammation. At necropsy, oleuropein and olive oil consumption had had no effect on plasma osteocalcin concentrations (marker of bone formation) or on urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion (marker of bone resorption). In conclusion, oleuropein and olive-oil feeding can prevent inflammation-induced osteopenia in OVX rats.
本研究旨在评估橄榄油及其主要多酚（橄榄苦苷）对有或无炎症的去卵巢大鼠的影响。大鼠（6个月龄）接受去卵巢手术或假手术作为对照。将去卵巢大鼠分为三组，给予不同饮食3个月：含25 g花生油和25 g菜籽油/kg的对照饮食（OVX组）、含50 g橄榄油/kg的对照饮食或含0.15 g橄榄苦苷/kg的对照饮食。假手术组给予与OVX组相同的对照饮食。在实验结束前3周，通过在每组一半大鼠皮下注射滑石粉（硅酸镁）诱导炎症。在尸检时通过子宫角萎缩验证去卵巢手术是否成功。炎症、橄榄苦苷或橄榄油摄入均无任何促子宫生长活性，因为它们对子宫重量没有影响。有炎症的OVX大鼠中α-1-酸性糖蛋白（炎症指标）的血浆浓度升高。关于骨骼变量，炎症加剧了OVX大鼠的骨质减少，表现为干骺端和股骨总矿物质密度降低。橄榄苦苷和橄榄油均可预防有炎症的OVX大鼠的这种骨质流失。在尸检时，食用橄榄苦苷和橄榄油对血浆骨钙素浓度（骨形成标志物）或尿脱氧吡啶啉排泄（骨吸收标志物）均无影响。总之，喂食橄榄苦苷和橄榄油可预防OVX大鼠炎症诱导的骨质减少。
