Maxwell Annette E, Garcia Gabriel M, Berman Barbara A
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, School of Public Health/Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2007 Jul;9(7):769-76. doi: 10.1080/14622200701397890.
Although lung cancer is the top cancer killer among Filipino American men, data on tobacco-related knowledge and attitudes, cessation efforts, and preferences for smoking cessation programs among this population are lacking. We interviewed a community sample of 318 Filipino American men (110 current, 108 former, and 100 never-smokers, all immigrants) aged 40-75 years in Los Angeles County in English and Tagalog, to gain a better understanding of their tobacco use as a first step toward developing a culturally tailored smoking cessation program. In our sample, smokers had lower levels of education and income compared with nonsmokers and were less acculturated based on language use and English fluency. Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to agree that smoking can alleviate stress, depression, and boredom, and that it is part of social interactions, growing up, being a man, and looking mature. These beliefs were summarized in a Smoking Beliefs Scale (Cronbach's alpha = .84), which predicted current smoking in a multivariate analysis, together with perceived risk of getting smoking-related diseases and peer norms. The most preferred smoking cessation intervention formats were educational small group sessions with other Filipino men (32%), followed by one-on-one consultations by a health professional (26%), video (20%), pamphlet (17%), and toll-free telephone number (6%). More than half of the current smokers requested these smoking cessation activities in Tagalog (34%) or a combination of Tagalog and English (24%). Based on these findings, we make specific recommendations for a smoking cessation program for Filipino men.
尽管肺癌是菲律宾裔美国男性中头号癌症杀手，但关于该人群烟草相关知识和态度、戒烟努力以及对戒烟项目偏好的数据却很匮乏。我们用英语和他加禄语对洛杉矶县318名年龄在40至75岁的菲律宾裔美国男性（110名当前吸烟者、108名既往吸烟者和100名从不吸烟者，均为移民）进行社区抽样访谈，以更好地了解他们的烟草使用情况，作为制定符合文化特点的戒烟项目的第一步。在我们的样本中，吸烟者与非吸烟者相比，教育程度和收入较低，并且基于语言使用和英语流利程度，其文化适应程度也较低。吸烟者比非吸烟者更有可能认同吸烟可以缓解压力、抑郁和无聊，并且吸烟是社交互动、成长、成为男人以及显得成熟的一部分。这些信念被总结在一个吸烟信念量表中（克朗巴哈系数α = 0.84），该量表在多变量分析中与感知到的患吸烟相关疾病的风险以及同伴规范一起预测了当前吸烟情况。最受欢迎的戒烟干预形式是与其他菲律宾男性一起参加教育性小组会议（32%），其次是由健康专业人员进行一对一咨询（26%）、视频（20%）、宣传册（17%）和免费电话号码（6%）。超过一半的当前吸烟者要求以他加禄语（34%）或他加禄语和英语结合的方式（24%）开展这些戒烟活动。基于这些发现，我们针对菲律宾男性的戒烟项目提出了具体建议。
