Schneider Sven, Hauf Christian, Schiltenwolf Marcus
Section Pain Therapy, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
Prev Med. 2005 Feb;40(2):227-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.05.027.
In response to the growing incidence of back pain, there is an increasing emphasis on individualized preventive measures such as back care programs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate representative participation rates and their correlates in the German general population.
The first National Health Survey was carried out in the Federal Republic of Germany from the period of October 1997 to March 1999. It comprised a representative, cross-sectional study of the population with a total sample of 6,159 participants between the ages of 18 and 79.
Approximately one in six Germans (16%) has ever participated in a back care program. For 6% of the total, participation took place within the past year. After making adjustments for subjective back pain in the multiple analyses, the 1-year participation rate was significantly lower in men, full-time-workers, one-member households, and those with an unhealthy lifestyle (physically inactive subjects with an unhealthy diet and poorly developed preventive behavior patterns).
The user profile for back care programs on a nationwide scale indicates that genuine needs are not being met and the target group is not being reached. A "preaching to the converted" phenomenon is evident, as indicated by the fact that the user group is made up of individuals who already have a healthy lifestyle and few risks, while the population group most likely to develop back pain is significantly less likely to participate in preventive back care programs.
鉴于背痛发病率不断上升，人们越来越重视诸如背部护理计划等个性化预防措施。本研究的目的是调查德国普通人群中具有代表性的参与率及其相关因素。
第一次全国健康调查于1997年10月至1999年3月在德意志联邦共和国进行。它包括一项具有代表性的横断面人群研究，共有6159名年龄在18岁至79岁之间的参与者作为样本。
大约六分之一的德国人（16%）曾参加过背部护理计划。在总人数中，6%的人在过去一年中参加过。在多因素分析中对主观背痛进行调整后，男性、全职工作者、单人家庭以及那些生活方式不健康（身体不活动、饮食不健康且预防行为模式不完善）的人的1年参与率显著较低。
全国范围内背部护理计划的用户概况表明，真正的需求未得到满足，目标群体未被触及。“对已转变者的说教”现象明显，这体现在用户群体由已经拥有健康生活方式且风险较低的个体组成，而最有可能患背痛的人群参与预防性背部护理计划的可能性则显著较低。
