Elharti E, Alami M, Khattabi H, Bennani A, Zidouh A, Benjouad A, El Aouad R
Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, National Institute of Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco.
East Mediterr Health J. 2002 Nov;8(6):819-25.
The first case of AIDS in Morocco was declared in 1986 and since then the number of AIDS cases has steadily increased. According to the Ministry of Health, the cumulative number of AIDS cases in December 2002 was 1085. HIV in Morocco is acquired mainly through heterosexual intercourse. Individuals aged between 30 and 39 years and in the regions of Marrakech and Agadir have been the most affected. Monitoring of the trend of the epidemic by sentinel surveillance surveys indicates that Morocco is still a low prevalence zone, since prevalence among pregnant women is less than 1%. The estimated number of HIV-infected people in Morocco is around 15 000. It is not clear why the epidemic here has not evolved as it has in the sub-Saharan countries where it is spreading at an alarming rate. Late introduction of HIV-1 subtype B in Morocco, which is relatively less transmissible, circumcision and reduced risk behaviours of Muslims may explain this. Nonetheless, because prevalence has increased in recent years, unless preventive measures are strengthened, the HIV epidemic will worsen in Morocco.
摩洛哥的首例艾滋病病例于1986年被确诊，自那时起，艾滋病病例数量稳步上升。根据卫生部的数据，2002年12月艾滋病病例的累计数量为1085例。摩洛哥的艾滋病毒主要通过异性性行为传播。年龄在30至39岁之间以及在马拉喀什和阿加迪尔地区的人群受影响最为严重。通过哨点监测调查对疫情趋势进行的监测表明，摩洛哥仍是一个低流行区，因为孕妇中的患病率低于1%。摩洛哥估计的艾滋病毒感染者人数约为15000人。目前尚不清楚为何该国的疫情没有像撒哈拉以南国家那样以惊人的速度蔓延。摩洛哥相对较难传播的HIV-1 B亚型引入较晚、穆斯林的割礼习俗以及风险行为的减少或许可以解释这一现象。尽管如此，由于近年来患病率有所上升，除非加强预防措施，否则摩洛哥的艾滋病毒疫情将会恶化。
