López Franco M, Rodríguez Núñez A, Fernández Sanmartín M, Marcos Alonso S, Martinón Torres F, Martinón Sánchez J María
Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruna, Spain.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2005 Mar;62(3):248-51. doi: 10.1157/13071839.
Burnout syndrome (BS) is a chronic adaptation disorder that provokes serious problems in occupational behavior.
In the present study we assessed the prevalence of burnout syndrome in pediatric healthcare workers.
Cross-sectional, descriptive study.
In November 2002, the Maslach Burnout Inventory was given to 127 staff members (doctors, nurses and nurse assistants) working in a pediatrics department. The questionnaire includes 22 items that explore three aspects of BS: a) emotional exhaustion; b) depersonalization, and c) personal achievement.
The questionnaire was completed by 93 staff members (73.2 % of the whole sample; 83 % women and 17 % men). The mean age was 38.6 +/- 10.2 years and the median number of years worked was 10 (range: 1-37 years). Twenty-nine percent were pediatricians, 50.5 % were nurses and 20.5 % were nurse assistants. A total of 20.8 % had a high level of BS, 19.8 % had a moderate level and 59.4 % showed a low level. When sub-scales were applied, the results showed that 67.7 % of respondents presented a low level of personal achievement, 14.5 % had high scores of emotional exhaustion and 23.9 % obtained high scores in the depersonalization scale.
BS is present in a significant percentage of hospital workers attending pediatric patients. In our sample, the most notable component of BS was the lack of personal achievement. This finding alerted us to the eventual presence of negative attitudes toward self and professional activity, as well as to the loss of interest in pediatric care, low productivity and diminished self-esteem. We believe that specific strategies should be implemented to attenuate the factors influencing the development of BS in pediatric health staff.
职业倦怠综合征（BS）是一种慢性适应性障碍，会引发职业行为方面的严重问题。
在本研究中，我们评估了儿科医护人员中职业倦怠综合征的患病率。
横断面描述性研究。
2002年11月，向在儿科工作的127名工作人员（医生、护士和护士助理）发放了马氏职业倦怠量表。该问卷包含22个项目，探讨职业倦怠综合征的三个方面：a）情感耗竭；b）去个性化；c）个人成就感。
93名工作人员完成了问卷（占整个样本的73.2%；女性占83%，男性占17%）。平均年龄为38.6±10.2岁，工作年限中位数为10年（范围：1 - 37年）。29%为儿科医生，50.5%为护士，20.5%为护士助理。共有20.8%的人职业倦怠水平较高，19.8%为中等水平，59.4%为低水平。当应用子量表时，结果显示67.7%的受访者个人成就感水平较低，14.5%情感耗竭得分高，23.9%去个性化量表得分高。
在照料儿科患者住院工作人员中，相当比例的人存在职业倦怠综合征。在我们的样本中，职业倦怠综合征最显著的成分是缺乏个人成就感。这一发现提醒我们注意对自我和职业活动可能存在的消极态度，以及对儿科护理兴趣的丧失、低工作效率和自尊心下降。我们认为应实施具体策略来减轻影响儿科医护人员职业倦怠综合征发展的因素。
