Hjelm Katarina, Bard Karin, Nyberg Per, Apelqvist Jan
Department of Community Medicine, University of Lund, University of Växjö, S- 351 95, Sweden.
Midwifery. 2005 Mar;21(1):44-60. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2004.09.004.
to compare beliefs about health and illness between women born in Sweden and the Middle East who developed gestational diabetes (GD).
a qualitative, explorative study using semi-structured interviews.
in-hospital diabetes specialist clinic in Sweden.
consecutive sample of women with GD; 13 born in Sweden and 14 born in the Middle East.
all the women described health as freedom from disease, and expressed worries for the baby's health and well-being. Women from the Middle East did not know the cause of GD, discussed the influence of social factors, such as being an immigrant, and supernatural factors, tried to adapt to the disease and thought it would disappear after birth, felt they had more pregnancy-related complications but had not received any treatment. Swedish women attributed GD to inheritance, environment and hormonal change, feared developing Type 2 diabetes, found work-related stress harmful to their health, more often sought help, used medications against pregnancy-related complications, and were more often on sick-leave from work.
Swedish women initiated a battle against GD, demanded medical treatment for pregnancy-related complications because of gainful employment and viewed pregnancy as a disease. Women from the Middle East temporarily adapted to the disease and perceived pregnancy and related problems as a natural part of life.
it is important to assess individual beliefs, risk awareness and to meet individual needs for information.
比较瑞典出生和中东出生的患有妊娠期糖尿病（GD）的女性对健康和疾病的看法。
采用半结构化访谈的定性探索性研究。
瑞典的医院糖尿病专科诊所。
连续抽样的患有GD的女性；13名出生于瑞典，14名出生于中东。
所有女性都将健康描述为没有疾病，并表达了对婴儿健康和幸福的担忧。中东女性不知道GD的病因，讨论了社会因素（如作为移民）和超自然因素的影响，试图适应这种疾病并认为它会在产后消失，觉得自己有更多与妊娠相关的并发症但未接受任何治疗。瑞典女性将GD归因于遗传、环境和激素变化，担心患2型糖尿病，认为工作相关压力对健康有害，更常寻求帮助，使用药物治疗与妊娠相关的并发症，并且更常请病假。
瑞典女性发起了对抗GD的斗争，因有收入的工作而要求对与妊娠相关的并发症进行治疗，并将妊娠视为一种疾病。中东女性暂时适应了这种疾病，并将妊娠及相关问题视为生活的自然组成部分。
评估个体信念、风险意识并满足个体对信息的需求很重要。
