McGlinchey Regina E, Fortier Catherine B, Capozzi Stephen M, Disterhoft John F
Geriatric, Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.
Neuropsychology. 2005 Mar;19(2):159-70. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.19.2.159.
Chronic misuse of alcohol affects an integrated neural circuit supporting the formation of associative memories acquired during eyeblink classical conditioning (R. McGlinchey-Berroth et al., 1995). The authors of this study investigated single-cue trace conditioning in amnesic and nonamnesic abstinent alcoholic individuals who either were or were not trained in a single-cue delay conditioning task. Overall, untrained alcoholic participants were severely impaired in acquisition, and alcoholic participants previously trained in single-cue delay conditioning performed similarly to untrained control participants. Individual performance in acquisition varied significantly within task but was relatively stable between the trace and delay tasks; there were nonamnesic and amnesic alcoholic participants who acquired responses at a normal rate in both delay and trace conditioning. The similarity of performances in delay and trace conditioning suggests a common source of impairment across both tasks.
长期滥用酒精会影响一个支持在眨眼经典条件反射过程中形成联想记忆的整合神经回路（R. 麦格林奇 - 贝罗斯等人，1995年）。本研究的作者调查了失忆和非失忆戒酒的酗酒个体中的单线索痕迹条件反射，这些个体要么接受过单线索延迟条件反射任务训练，要么没有接受过该训练。总体而言，未受过训练的酗酒参与者在习得过程中严重受损，而之前接受过单线索延迟条件反射训练的酗酒参与者的表现与未受过训练的对照参与者相似。在任务中，习得过程中的个体表现差异很大，但在痕迹和延迟任务之间相对稳定；有非失忆和失忆的酗酒参与者在延迟和痕迹条件反射中都以正常速度习得反应。延迟和痕迹条件反射中表现的相似性表明这两个任务存在共同的损伤来源。
